51 



clada, CI. paiciflora, Plantago, Scltiedea, Cyiiandra. Viola, Pelca psnidoanisata, 

 Lahordea, Tetraplasaiidra and the curious GiDinera pcialoidea. 



The Oahu species CI. Kakcaiia. CI. ik mirifdUa and CI. oblongifnUa inhabit 

 the rain forest proper. CI. ohlongifolia ranges to the summit ridge but usually 

 all three species can be observed together. CI. arboresccus inhabits the 4,000 

 foot level both on Molokai and Maui in the rain forest, with Pelea, Tetraplasandra, 

 Plah/dcsma, Cijrtandrn, etc. (7. graudiflora loves forested ridges on Jfolokai, 

 and the swampy plateaus of West Maui. Chnnontia sitigidifiora is on the verge 

 of extinction; it occurs epiphytically on dead trees in the dead forest of Paau- 

 hau on the northern slopes of Mauna Kea ; there the forest was once burned over 

 and since then has been used for grazing purposes. There is no doubt that it 

 would revive were it not for the cattle which are very fond of the fleshy leaves 

 of all Lohelioideae. That the Clcrmontia species love or can thrive abiindantly 

 in the open wet forest lands is demonstrated by almo.st pure stands of Clennontia 

 Kakeana on the northern slope of Mt. Haleakala where the old forest has com- 

 pletely died. Thousands of Clcrmontia trees have since then come up even in the 

 grass land of Pa.'ipaluiii conjugahim. 



THE GENUS CYAXEA. 



The genus Cyanea comprises today fift\'-t\vo species and twenty-tivo varieties. 

 It is true that some of these species and varieties have become extinct, and one, 

 Cyanea Kunthiana. has only been found by Gaudichaud and has not been re- 

 collected since. As no type or plant is extant in any European or American 

 Hei'barinni. and as a description has never been published, lint only a plate it is 

 best that the species be dropped altouether. It was figured by Gaudichaud as 

 Z>e/(.«.<if« Kunthiana and identified liy Ilillebrand with an entirely different plant 

 of which Ilillebrand had at tliat time only fragmentary specimens. From the 

 excellent plate it is evident that the plant in question is a ('yanra and not a 

 Delissea and the name Kiintliiana being now a synonym should be discarded. 

 The writer would suggest the name Cyanea Boniia; the specific name Bnnita 

 referring to the voyage Bonite on which Gaudichaud was botanist. As no mate- 

 rial is available for study the jjlant is however not included in this monograph. 

 One variety srhizocalyx of Cyanea sedenocalyx Hbd. is also omitted. No material 

 is outsfaiidin<i- of this variety in the Hillebrand Herbarium. Ilillebrand him- 

 self was doubtful as to the identity of his plant as his specimens were without 

 flowers or fruit. There is the possibility that it is related to the writer's Cyanea 

 aculeati/lora but nothing can be said as there are no specimens of Hillebrand 's 

 variety in any herbarium. Of the fifty species of Cyanea, fifteen are peculiar to 

 Kauai with no varietie.s. Not a single species of the fifteen has been found 

 outside of Kauai. Oahu possesses six species and three varieties. Of these 

 species t^nly one Cyanea angustifoUa, occurs outside of Oahu, on Molokai and 

 Lanai. jMolokai, harbors eight species and one variety. Maui twelve species 

 and eleven varieties, Lanai one species and two varieties, and Hawaii nine species 

 and seven varieties. Cyanea nhtiL^a is the only other species outside of Cyanea 

 angustifoUa, which occurs on more than one i.sland, Maui and Hawaii. The 

 variety raeemosa of C. angustifoUa occurs on two islands. Oahu and Lanai. 

 This is the only instance where a varietv occurs on more than one island. We 



