23 



they are again brought nearer to Clcnnont.ia of which they may be a satellite. 

 Similar to the tendency of lobed leaves in young plants is the tendency to 

 produce spines or murieations sometimes retained in certain species. An extreme 

 ease is Cijaiica iiolimctangcrc which has not only densely spiny stems but leaves 

 bristling with spines on both sides. In the section pahiuii formes we find some- 

 times spines in young plants especially in Cyanea tritomantha, C. solenocalyx 

 and 0. aculfatiflora which disappear entirely in old plants or remain in the 

 shape of a slight murication. In the species of the section Dclisseiiidcae no ten- 

 dency to spines occurs, and thus they are again brought nearer to ClcDnontia 

 which has not a single species with spines. CIcrmoDtia tiibcrciihiln hnwevcr, 

 possesses tubercles on the inflorescence only. 



Cyanea is differentiated from Clermontia in the racemose inflorescence 

 mainly. Delissea has also a racemose inflorescence but the corolla, which is 

 smooth in Cyanea, has in Delissea from one to three distinct knobs, one on the 

 dorsal side, or when three, two additional ones on the lateral sides of the corolla. 

 The main distinction between Cyanea and Delissea is to be found in the seeds. 

 In Delissea the seeds are a pale yellow or. whitish and are deeply wrinkled, which 

 character is visible even with the naked eye; the seeds are also a trifle larger 

 tliJin in Cijanca. The same branching characters are exhibited in Delissea as 

 are to be found in Cyanea. Two types occur, tall simple stemmed plants 

 {Delissea unditlata), and branching shrubs {Delissea subeordata). Delissea 

 inidtilala is the only one in the genus which reaches a height of thirty-five feet 

 (see Plate XI) and thus brings the genus close to the section paniaeformes of 

 Cyanea, while Delissea subeordata connects it with Cyanea through the section 

 Delisseoideae of the latter. 



There is again a tendency to lobed leaves as is exhibited in the species 

 D. laeiniata, D. siniiata, and I>. pfirvi/tiira. while D. unditlata as the name im- 

 plies has very strong undulate leaves giving if the appearance of being lobed. 

 The wrinkled seeds and knolibed corolla distinguish this genus at once from the 

 other three, though the inflorescence is racemose. It may be however, that 

 what now constitutes the species of the genus Delissea, is nothing but a single 

 very polymorphic species. The peculi;ii'ify of wrinkled seeds however belongs 

 to Delissea alone. 



We come now to the last genus of the baccate Hawaiian Lobclioieleae, " Uol- 

 landia." The genus Rollandia, wliile at once recognized even in sterile speci- 

 mens, bv the botanist familiar with the Hawaiian flora, is mainly distinguished 

 from the other genera in the staminal tube which is adnate to the tube of the 

 corolla, usually in its lower third, or lower half. This is a never failing char- 

 acter. The flowers are arranged in long or short racemes, and are of course 

 again axillary. The corolla is usually purplish-red, red, or purple. Rollandia 

 is a genus of a few species only and does not exhibit the wonderful variety of 

 type's as Cyanea, but is remarkably uniform in habit. Rollandia rarely branches, 

 its stem is fleshy or woody at the Imse; it is confined to the very humid rain- 

 forest with a high jn-ecipifafion. It is rarely foinid on exposed ridges, but 

 always in dense shade in deep ravines, and in that respect has the habit of 

 Crytandra. It is the farthest removed from Cler)no)itia, phylogenetically speak- 

 ing. Like the rest of the baccate Hawaiian genei'a of Lobelioidrae if has also a 

 species which still sliows tli<' process of evolution; this is li'ollinidia hineiolafa 



