DISTRIBUTION OF THE HAWAIIAN LOBELIOI- 

 DEAE IN THE HAWAIIAN ARCHIPELAGO. 



In glancing over, the appended charts we are at once struck by the peculiar 

 distribution of the species of these various endemic genera, and in order to 

 examine them more carefully- it is best to look at each genus separately. 



THE GENUS CLERMOXTIA. 



The gciins Ch niuniliti possesses twent.^'-three species and tive varieties so far 

 as we kuov,- today. Dv. Wm. Ilillebrand in his Flora of the Hawaiian Islands 

 describes eleven species and five varieties. All his species have been retained, 

 while two nf his varieties have been raised to specific rank, and one var. rosea, 

 of CI. matrocarpa^=Cl. Knkcaua, has lieen united with that species as not suf- 

 ficienth' distinct to warrant its separation as a variety. To these there were 

 added eight new species by the writer, one new species liy C. N. Forbes and one 

 l)y H Leveille ; besides these new species the writer described three new varieties. 

 This brin.gs the total to twenty-eight species and varieties of Clennontia; of these, 

 three species, CI. arhnrc'^cciis, grandillnra. and oblinijii folia, occur each on two 

 islands, while one species, CI. Kakcana, occurs on three islands. The remaining 

 species and varieties are each confined to one island with the exception of var. 

 robiista, which occurs on the same island as the species to which it belongs. By far 

 the largest numlier of species (eleven) occur on the island of Hawaii, also two 

 varieties. Kauai possesses only two species (.7. Gaudichaudii and (7. fulva. The 

 latter is somewhat doubtful. Of the eleven species found on Hawaii seven were 

 discovered by the writer. Oahu harbors three species, ilolokai, four; ^Maui, 

 eight: and Lanai, one, while Niihau and Kahoolawe possess none. The highest 

 elevation attained by Clfrminilia {Ilalekalensiii) is 7,000 feet on the crater slopes 

 of Puunianiau, a cone crater on the north-western slope of Mt. Haleakala on 

 IMaui, while CI. Kakeana and CI. Kolialac grow at an elevation as low as from 500 

 to 1,000 feet. The others inhabit the middle forest zone from an elevation of 

 two thousand to nearly six thousand feet. Clermontia drepanomorpha, a tall 

 arborescent species inhabits the wettest regions, as the swampy plateau of the 

 summit of Kohala, back of the gorges of Alakahi and Kawainui. They are 

 rarely epiphytic but grow in the thick sphagnum moss which covers the ground. 

 On this plateau the forest is rather open, and it is here that they abound in 

 great numbers and in many different forms. The leaf variation is enormous, 

 while the floral characters are unchanged. With the exceptions of CI. dri i)aiw- 

 morpha and CI. HalrakaUnsis, the species are both terrestrial and epi- 

 phytic liut more often the latter. Thev do however en.joy the more open forest 

 of high swanipv plateaiis with a low tree formation. We find thiin associated 

 with tree ferns on which they are quite often epiphytic, especially CI. parrifora 

 which loves the dense fern forests. CI. Hawaiicnsis is mainl.y associated with 

 tree ferns, Metrosideros, Mjioponiiii , i^iilfnuia. ami Acacia Koa. CI. eocrulca 

 en.joys a similar plant company with the addition of Sai(fatiini Pilgcri, J'iffo- 

 sporum. and a predominance of Acacia Koa. The ('Icnnontia drepanomorpha 

 associates are of a ditferent t.\'pe, we find it with Clermontia Waiiiieae. CI. h pto- 



