OF THE HYDROMEDUSiE. 339 



clava, and it is so very similar to his D. Dohrnii, as t<> render it probable that this also is 

 the larva of a Turritopsis. Stems from 8 mm. to 12 mm. high, Hydranths, pah' 

 yellowish red. Medusa-buds originate on stem at base of hydranth. Young medusa has 

 eight tentacles, a small gelatinous peduncle, and no cellular peduncle. Mouth of young 

 medusa simple. Velum of young with four radial and four interradial hemispherical 

 pouches. 



Habitat. Charleston, S. C. (McCrady) ; Beaufort, !N". C. (Brooks); HamptonRoads, 

 Va. (Brooks); Naushon, Buzzard's Bay (A. Agassiz). 



Remarks. The description and figures which have been given by A. Agassiz 

 (2, p. 167, figs. 269-270), and which are referred to by Haeckel (31, p. 05) as giving all 

 we know of the metamorphosis of the medusa, do not represent a Turritopsis at all, but 

 a quite different medusa. 



Fewkes's Modeeria multitentaculata (21, p. 149, PI. 3, figs. 7, 8 and 9) is a true Turri- 

 topsis and solar as I can judge from the figure, which is copied from a sketch made by A. 

 Agassiz of a single specimen which he found in 1865 near Naushon in Buzzard's Bay, 

 an immature specimen of our southern T. nuiricula. 



This seems to be the only recorded instance of its occurrence north of the Chesapeake 

 Bay, where it is very rare. Yen-ill states (62, page 454) in his "List of species taken at 

 the surface of the water on the southern coast of New England" that it was found there 

 at night from July to September, but as he refers on page 734, to A. Agassiz's descrip- 

 tion and figures, which are noticed above, I infer, in the absence of all description, that 

 the medusa which he found was the one which A. Agassiz figures, and not a Turritopsis. 



Fewkes (21, p. 153) describes and figures a medusa which he calls Turritopsis nutricola, 

 but which he was able t<> reconcile with McCrady's figures and description, only on the 

 supposition that they are quite faulty. In a later paper (20, p. 294) he corrects this er- 

 ror, proposing a new name for his Turritopsis, and stating, incidentally, that his Modee- 

 ria multitentaculata is probably the same as McCrady's Turritopsis nutricola / an opinion 

 which is undoubtedly correct. He says, however, that "as the generic name Modeeria is 

 older than Turritopsis, and as they seem to have been applied to similar jelly fishes, Mc- 

 Crady's medusa may later be known as Modeeria nutriculaj " but as Forbes, who estab- 

 lished the genus Modeeria, states (23) that it includes only medusae with four tentacles, 

 there seems to be no good reason why it should supplant Met Jrady's name for medusa' 

 with more than a hundred tentacles. 



Special Description. McCrady gives the following vivid and accurate description of 

 the general appearance and habits of this interesting medusa, which may be readily rec- 

 ognized by its reddish brown color, its square outline and its rapid zigzag movements. 



" Turritopsis nutricula is a lively animal swimming gaily about, near the surface of the 

 water, with very regular rhythmical pulsations. * * * Its motion in swimming is peculiar; 

 though it does not shoot forward so far at every stroke as Sarsia, yet each throb of the 

 disk gives it a considerable impetus. Now if we examine a Thaumantias, Geryonia ; 

 or Turris while swimming, wesee it propelled by many successive pulsations in a straight 

 line, corresponding to the vertical axis of the animal, buf this is not the case in Turritop- 

 sis. Tin- pulsations here are slow, measured, powerful, each appearing to have a more 



