THE ANATOMY OF THE CHIMPANZEE. 33 



age being the teeth and the progress of ossification, it may be well to describe the former 

 at this point and to compare them with " Sally's." 



Teeth. 



The second dentition was complete, excepting that the right inferior canine had not 

 very much more than cnt the gum. The fangs of the third molars and superior canines 

 had not yet reached their full development. The left inferior canine and the two left 

 inferior incisors are wanting and no signs of their alveoli remain. There is reason to 

 fear that they had been drawn in order to teacli the animal to smoke. The teeth of the 

 upper jaw in this neighborhood are much distorted, the canine projecting forward and 

 outwai'd, and the lateral incisor being bent strongly inward. The first premolar of that 

 side has practically no roots. The bone is hypertrophied internal to the displaced socket 

 of the canine. The crowns of the molars are little worn. In the upper jaw they are of 

 very nearly the same size, but in the lower jaw the crown of tlie second is the largest and 

 that of the first rather the smallest. In the upper jaw the first and second molars have 

 two external and two internal cusps, the third differing in having only one internal one. 

 In all of them the internal cusps are not at the edge of the crown, but separated from it 

 Jjy a considerable oblique surface. I fail to recognize any distinct oblique ridges between 

 the cusps. Each of the inferior molars has three distinct external cusps. The first and 

 second have two internal ones. The posterior of these latter is indistinct on the right 

 third molar and wanting on the left one. Barring this, the inferior molars resemble 

 those of the T. aubryi. 



Mr. Beddard gives the following account of "Sally's" dentition : " In the upper jaw 

 the permanent incisors and bicuspids are present; the first molar is the only one of the 

 molar series which is iu place. The canines are a long way from their definitive position; 

 the point of the tooth is fully half an inch from the rim of the socket; the extremity of 



the root of the tooth is barely half an inch from the rim of the orbit The 



milk canines are the only representatives of the milk teeth which have not been 

 replaced." It is clear that " Gumbo " is further advanced. I do not presume to say what 

 period of time this difference represents. It goes to show, however, that he can hardly 

 have been younger than ten and may well have been a year or two older. This is impor- 

 tant as showing the progress of ossification at that age. 



Ossification. 



The cranial sutures are distinct, but none of the bones show any disposition to fall 

 apart after maceration ; indeed, they could not be separated without injury. The suture 



