26 GRACE E. COOLEY ON 



Sc'iUa xlbirica, NarcissiiN j)seudo^arcissus, and Galanthus nivalis contain starch 

 in the endosperm cells, jnst before the processes of ripening are complete. Even Avhen 

 Scilla and Narcissus seeds have fallen from the pods this is the case, though in these 

 seeds none is present during the winter resting-state. In these seeds only a trace of 

 sugar is to be found in the later stages of ripening, and it finally disappears entirely. 



PI. 6, fig. 7, shows some cells of Galanthus nivalis, when only the cells in the 

 center of the seed remain unthickened. The gradations are seen between these 

 unthickened cells of the center, and the almost completed thickening of those nearer 

 the integuments. At B the surface of several cells is shown, to illustrate the uneven 

 distribution of the thickening on the walls; s, starch ; n, nucleus ; a, ends of the canals. 



Colchicum autumnale of June 18, 1894, had apparently formed its reserve cellulose, 

 but was not quite ripe. Oil, granular protein matters, and a little sugar were found in 

 the cells of the endosperm. The large crest of the seed was full of starch, though none 

 appeared in the endosperm at that time or later. 



PI. 6, fig. 8, shows the seed of Colchicum at this time ; the embryo and the spongy 

 crest cells are filled with starch. 



PI. 6, fig. 9, shows the cells of Colchicum when nearly i-ipe; the primary membrane 

 is very distinct, and intercellular spaces occur. 



PI. 6, fig. 10, is a crest cell containing large starch grains. 



Fritillaria imperialis and Convallaria majalis have no starch in the seeds in the 

 later stages of development, but reserve proteids and oil are associated with the reserve 

 cellulose. In Fritillaria the walls of the endosperm are well thickened, in Convallaria 

 not so greatly. PI. 2, fig. 8, gives a sketch of the endosperm cells of Convallaria seeds, 

 when the seed is nearly ripe. 



Asjjhodelus hcteiis, Anthericum liliarjo, and Tojieldia calyculata yield no different 

 results from Polygonatum. 



Trillium ovatum, in unripe seeds, is very like Paris, starch being associated with a 

 little reserve on the walls. The secondary thickenings are mainly at the corners of the 

 cells, and these swell somewhat in the presence of water ; the behavior with iodine is as 

 that of Paris. 



Summary. 



1. Reserve cellulose appears, as such, on the walls of the cells, soon after the 

 endosperm is formed. 



2. Sugar and oil are present in the cells before the appearance of reserve cellulose, 

 and during the process of wall-thickening; of these sugar is first detected. 



3. The reserve cellulose appears first at the angles of the cells, and there extendi- 

 to the walls. 



