320 EDWARD S. MORSE ON 



while the cirri are directed inward and forward, their tips coming jnst at the junction 

 of these tubes (40: 12). The cirri are strongly ciliated and their \igorous motions 

 induce the currents above described. 



The peculiar alignment of the lateral setae in Glottidia and L. h'jj'idn/a will be under- 

 stood when it is seen that the shells taper slightly from the posterior lateral bunches of 

 setae, which are quite prominent toward the anterior end, while the lateral setae vary in 

 length, being quite short posteriorly and becoming gradually longer anteriorly, so that 

 when the dorsal and ventral shells are closed, or when the animal is in the act of crawl- 

 ing, it will be noticed that lines drawn along the tips of the lateral setae on each side 

 would be parallel ; now when the shells gape anteriorly and the setae meet across the 

 gradually increasing space between the shells, the tips of the setae touch along the whole 

 side (40: 15), the increasing length of the setae anteriorly balancing, so to speak, the 

 gradual widening made by the parted shells. 



On alarm, caused by the jarring of the vessel in which it is contained, or the inter- 

 posing of a hand Ijetween it and the light, the animal snaps below the sand Uke a flash. 

 The opening left in the sand is in shape like a transverse section of the body, with the 

 sand piled up in a wide, shallow ridge around the opening (40: 10). 



Tlie animal, as might be supposed from an examination of the powerful oblique 

 muscles, possesses considerable strength ; this strength may be shown by placing upon it 

 a heavy weight, such as the shell of a large Donax when in a sliort time this weight is 

 flung oft" by the oscillations of the dorsal valve. 



LhifjuJa anutlna. A large green Lingula. presumably L. anatina, was collected in 

 numbers at the mouth of the Takahashi River. Higo, Japan, a river that empties into the 

 Shimabara Gulf, tlie waters of which are so shoal that small steamers cannot approach 

 within two miles of the shore at this pijint. The Lingulae were found in a gravelly and 

 muddy deposit just beyond low tide. They were collected hy ch-awing the fingers 

 through the mud in rake-like fashion. The end of the peduncle was encased in a rough 

 tube of mud an inch or more in length ; in no instance was it attached to any solid 

 substance. The Idood was pinkish lake in color and, with the admixture of mucus, (juite 

 thick and dark, discoloring the water and staining the fingers in dissection. The auditory 

 vesicles, to be described later, were plainly visible in the smaller specimens where the 

 shells were not so opaque. The dorsal shell oscillates qiute as freely and swings as far to 

 the right and left as in Glottidia pyramidata, though mo\dng less \dgorously. The 

 general behavior of the animal and the rich brown markings of the pallium and brachia 

 were not unlike the smaller species with chaphanous shells ; the ventral shell was rigidly 

 fixed and held by the stout peduncle, which was (juite linn and inelastic near the shell ; 

 the lateral setae swung back and forth, but not with that vigorous action seen in the 

 smaller species. 



