274 . 



THOMAS DWKiilT ON 



cer\acals and of the 1st thoracic, with a iliiiiiiiufioii of tlic discs. (Duriiiu- preparation 

 tlie cervical roii'ion hecame detached from the rest, hut (iwini;- to these irregularities there 

 is no possihle suspicion of any error.) 



The atlas is normal The axis and the :!d vertehra have the hodie.s fused, that of the 

 axis descentUui;- h'ss deeply than usual. The total lentrth of the axis is ahout o.;] cm. 

 The transverse processes of the 2d and :U\ are. on the riuht. nearer tog-ether than usual, hut 

 with sufficient room hetween them for the |)assaii-e of a ijood-sized nerve. On the left thev 

 are smaller and almost touching. Tiie fusion of the laminae is complete: hut while on the 

 right there are evidentl\- parts of two vertehrae, on the left they seem to he one. till (dose 

 examination shows the duality. Two spinous processes are close together, of which the 

 upper is bifid. In the region of the articular facets the depth of these fused vertebrae is 

 decidedly greater on the right than on the left. The 4th vertehra is nearly normal on the 

 front, but on the back the right lamina is reduced in size to make up for the greater size 

 of the double one above it. The bodies of the oth and (itli vertebrae ai-e thoroughly fused, 

 but their arches are distinct. How much of the fusion is a late pathological manifestation, 

 I cannot say. Something in favor of this view is derived from a downward process, evi- 

 dently of this nature, from the bod}- of the (ith to the 7tli. 



It is very remarkable that there seems to be a particular tendency to fusion between 

 the 2d and od vertebrae; and that there is a family likeness between the specimens. 



Z. Cat. 9379-34. 



Male, white. mi(hlle age. Nothing noteworthy was observed in the body before dis- 

 secticm. C. 7. T. 12, L. .">, S. -5, C. o or 4. 



There is no reason to believe in any error of seg- 

 mentation : but. probably during end^ryonic development, 

 the last three Innlbar and the 1st sacral vertebra were 

 fused into one mass. 



There is nothing to describe in the neck nor in the 

 back, till we get to the 1 Ith thoi-acic vertebra, the arch of 

 which is ill formed, the huninae being narrow. Apparently 

 there has l)een an iidlannnatorv process in the joints of the 

 left side, both here and in one or two vertebrae below. 

 The change in (hrection of the articular processes is I'alher 

 transitional, beginning above the 12th. The last ribs are 

 short and narrow, especially the left one. The right is 0.3 

 cm. long and 1 cm. broad. The left is 4.2 cm. lout;- and 7 nun. 



