NECTURITS MACULATUS. ^^^ 



AntibracMum and manus ; cms and pes. -Hhe^e partB iu the two limbs are almost 

 iudistiuguishable from one another, as may be seen by a comparison of figures U and Vo 

 (plate m) which were drawn from the right anterior and posterior hmbs of the same 

 indi^idual 'by the aid of a camera lucida. Corresponding to a difference in use of elbow 

 and knee, tlie proximal ends of ulna and radius are different from those of tibia and fibula, 

 but otherwise the parts correspond as closely as do consecutive parapodia of a polychaet- 



ous Annelid. ' i ±- i 



The ulna shows a greater sigmoid notch and the radius a capitulum, both tor the 

 reception of parts of the distal epiphysis of the humerus. Furthermore, these bones are 

 a liftle longer than are the tibia and fibula. Carpus and tarsus are exact duplicates m 

 the two limbs and consist of two proximal bones, a centrale, and three bones of the distal 

 row. In the proximal row the intermedium is fused with the outer element (ulnareor 

 fibulare) leaving between them a foramen for the transmission of an artery.^ In the dis- 

 tal row digits II and III have each a distinct element, while those corresponding to IV 

 and V Ire fused. Four digits, II-V, are represented in each case, each with a well devel- 

 oped metacarpal or metatarsal and nine phalanges, three in the fourth digit and two in 

 each of the others. Three phalanges in the third digit, also, is a not uncommon anomaly. 



"^ LiTERATUKE. 



""'T.' A contribution to the study of variation. (Skeletal variatioa. of Necturus ,naculatus Raf., Jour-n. of morphol., 

 vol. 12, p. 455-484, pi. A-C. 



Cope, E. D. . Q. 1 



'89. The Batrachia of North America. Bull. U. S. nat. mus., no. 34, 525 pp., 119 fags., 8b pis. 



Fischer, J. G. m *• i q 



■64. Anatomische abhandlungen fiber die Pereunibranchiata und Derotremen. 4 . fat. 1-8. 



""''^y.^On the evolution of the vertebral column of Amphibia and Amniota. Phil, trans, royal soc. London, vol. 187, 

 series B, p. 1-57, fig. 1-56. 



'''''92 Beitrage zur morphologie des .schadels. 1. Morphol. arbeiten, bd. 2, p. 27.5-481, taf. i:i-16. 



-94a. Beitrage zur morphologic des schadels. 2. Das hyo-branchial skelet der Anuren und seine nmwandlung. Mor- 

 phol. arbeiten, bd. 3, h. 3, p. 399^38, fig. 1, taf. 18-19. 



.34b Beitrage zur morphologie des schadels. 3. Zur vergleicheuden anatomie der schlOfengegend am knoche.nen 

 wirbelthier-schadel. Morphol. arbeiten, bd. 4, h. 1, p. 77-130, taf. 6-7. 



'96. Die anatomie des frosches. (New edition of the well known book of Ecker and Wieder.sheim.) 1896. 



Gegenbaur, C. ■ i t i > 



•92. Die epiglottis. Vergleichend-anatomische .studie. 4^-. p. 1-69, tig. 1-14, tat. 1-:.. 



. The artery in the hand which runs through the foramen carpale is the art. cubitalis which thus reaches the ^o^al sur- 

 face aL is dttributed to the digits. In the foot a similar function is performed by the contmuat.on of the art. femo.ahs. 



