68 MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 



with much silvery pigment on the sides, and are taken at the surface, or at 

 least not far below. Two of these species are here described as new, so nothing 

 is known of their distribution in other waters. But it is worthy of note that 

 the remaining members of the surface-group are well-known forms of wide dis- 

 tribution, two of them having been reported from the eastern Pacific as well as 

 from Japan, the remainder having been recorded from all three of the great 

 oceans. 



A second group comprises the genera Diaphus and Lampanydus (including 

 Macrostoma). These are deeper pelagic forms, dark in color, with steelj'^ re- 

 flections, and are taken in intermediate nets, or enter the open dredge at 

 intermediate depths. They seem to be more restricted in their range than the 

 species which live nearer the surface, none of the Japanese forms being known 

 to be cosmopolitan. Of the seventeen species here recorded from this group 

 ten are described as new and hence are of unknown distribution; four are 

 known also from the eastern Pacific;- two are known from the western Pacific' 

 and the Indian Ocean, and one, Lampanydus niger, while reported by Brauer 

 from the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, is represented in collections by 

 very few specimens, and has not been the subject of critical study. 



All the species here recorded belong to tropical seas, with the exception of 

 Lampanydus nannochir and Lampanydus jordani. L. nannochir, which was 

 taken by the "Albatross" in the southern Okhotsk, is peculiar to the north 

 Pacific, extending from Bering Sea to northern Japan and to southern Cali- 

 fornia; L. jordani has been secured on two separate occasions off the coast of 

 Hokkaido, and is not known elsewhere. The tropical species were abundant 

 off the southern coasts of Kiusiu and as far north as Sagami Bay. Apparently 

 they thin out rapidly north of Tokyo, as only a few individuals were en- 

 countered off Matsushima Bay. None were found in the Sea of Japan, even 

 in the vicinity of the Straits of Tsushima, although numerous hauls with 

 surface and intermediate nets were made. 



List op Japanese Species of the Family MYCTOPHID^. 

 Neoscopelus macrolepidotus Johnson. 

 Dasyscopelus orientalis sp. no v. 

 spinosus (Steindachner) . 

 asper (Richardson). 



^ Diaphus agassizi, Diaphus nanus, Lampanydus townsendi, Lampanydus nannochir. 

 ' Diaphus coeruleus, Lampanydus macropterus. 



