gilbert: the lantern-fishes of japan 79 



humholdti it is strongly arched, with the first one or two of the series nearer 

 the base of the anal than the succeeding spots. The spots of the anal series 

 are distinctly smaller and more crowded than the others, and more so than in 

 humholdti. 



4. Posterolateral slightly behind the vertical from the last antero-anal (in 

 front of this vertical in humholdti). 



5. Postero-anals more numerous, 8, 9, 10, and 11 in the six specimens 

 known, three of them having 10 on each side. The range in humholdti cannot 

 yet be given, as both Llitken and Brauer have unquestionably confused more 

 than one species under that name. Both authors agree that typical examples 

 from the Mediterranean have 8 postero-anals, which probably indicates a range 

 of 7 to 9. 



6. Middle pectoral photophore midway between the upper and the lower, 

 or very slightly nearer the lower. In typical humholdti, it is considerably nearer 

 the lower than the upper. 



7. Anterior supra-anal somewhat behind vertical from second ventral (in 

 advance of this point in humholdti). 



Measurements of the male Japanese specimen in hundredths of the length 

 to base of caudal (103 mm.): Length of head 25; diameter of eye 7.8; length 

 of snout 5; length of maxillary 15.5; greatest depth of body 20; least depth 8.5; 

 distance from tip of snout to front of dorsal 44; to adipose 76; to base of 

 ventrals 40; to front of anal 58; from last anal ray to middle of caudal base 19; 

 length of base of dorsal 15.5; of anal 25. 



Dorsal rays 15; anal rays 22; pectoral rays 17; ventral rays 9, the outer ray 

 a short rudiment. Scales of lateral line 42. Gill-rakers very long and slender, 

 6 + 19. 



Photophores. — Three pectorals equally spaced, the upper equidistant from 

 the upper pectoral ray and from the nearest point on the lateral line. First 

 three pairs of thoracics forming regularly diverging lines, the fourth pair again 

 lower, the fifth much divergent, at base of outer ventral rays. Supraventral 

 halfway between the lateral line and the base of ventrals, distinctly above the 

 horizontal line joining the first two supra-anals. First pair of ventrals partially 

 concealed by the inner ventral rays, their interspace equal to that of the fourth 

 pair, less than that of second and third pairs (first pair less separated in other 

 specimens); distance between first and second and between third and fourth 

 ventrals equal, that between second and third less. Anterior supra-anal on a 

 level with the second, slightly behind the vertical from the second ventral; 



