THE GYMNOTID EELS OF TROPICAL AMERICA. 



157 



Ground-color brownish gray to light yellow; body rather uniformly colored with 

 minute dark brown dots, which are most abundant dorsally; fins hyaline, except 

 the origin of the caudal and the outer edge of the extreme caudal portion of the 

 anal ; these regions smoky. 



This species is found in the Orinoco, the Madeira, and Amazon. 



Geographical Distribution. 



The Gymnotidce are restricted to the fresh-water of portions of Central and 

 South America. They range from the Rio Motagua in Guatemala to the Rio 

 de la Plata, east of the Andes. They are also found on the western coast of Col- 

 ombia and Ecuador. The distribution of this family is given in the table according 

 to river-systems. The "Lower" Amazon includes the main Amazon stream up 

 to Manaos, the Rios Tapajos, Xingu, Tocantins and their tributaries; the "Middle" 

 Amazon is applied to the Amazon stream from Manaos to the mouth of the Iga, 

 Rio Negro, Jurua, and their tributaries. The Rio Madeira, although a part of 

 the Lower Amazon system, is considered separately, as it is through this river and 

 its branches that the Amazon fauna has probably reached the Paraguay-Parana. 



Species. 



1. 



2. 



3. 



4. 



.5. 



6. 



7. 



8. 



9. 

 10. 

 11. 

 12. 

 13. 

 14. 

 15. 

 16. 

 17. 

 18. 

 19. 

 20. 

 21. 

 22. 

 23. 

 24. 

 25. 

 26. 

 27. 



Electrophorus eledricus (Linn.) 



Gymnolus carapo Linn 



Slernopygus macrurus (B. and S.) 



Slernopygus obtusiroslris Steind 



Eigenmannia macrops (Boulenger) 



Eigcnmannia virescens (Val.) 



Eigenmannia troscheli (Kaup) 



Sieatogenys elegans (Steindachner) 



Hypopomus brevirostris (Steind.) 



Hypopomus arledi (Kaup) 



Rhamphichthys rostratus (Linn.) 



Gymnorhamphichthys hyposlomus Ellis 



Slernarchorhynchus oxyrhynchus (M. and T.) 



Sternarchorhamphus miilleri (Steind.) 



Slernarchorhamphus macrostomus (Giinther) 



Orthosternarchus tamandua (Boulenger) 



Sternarchus albifrons (Linn.) 



Sternarchus brasiliensis Reinhardt 



Sternarchus leptorhynchus Ellis 



Sternarchus hasemani Elli.s 



Sternarchus bonaparti Castelnau 



Sternarchella schoiti (Steind.) 



Sternarchella balmnops (Cope) 



Porotergus gymnotus Ellis 



Porotergus gimbeli Ellis 



Sternarchogiton naitereri (Steind.) 



Adonlosternarchus sachsi (Peters) 



Total 



