BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 93 



P[icus] hypopoUus Wagler, Isis, 1829, 514 ("Mexico;"^ coll. Berlin Mus.). 



Picus hypopolius Sundevall, Consp. Av. Picin., 1866, 55. 



Zehrapicus hypopolius Malherbe, Mem. Acad. Metz, xxx, 1849, 361; Mon. Picid., 

 ii, 1862, 228; iv, 1862, pi. 103, figs. 4, 5. 



[€enturus] hypopoUus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, ii, 1854, 126 (Consp. Volucr. 

 Zygod., 1854, 11).— Reichenbach, Handb. Scansores, Picinse, 1854, 410, pi. 

 665, figs. 4413, 4414.— Lichtenstein, Norn. Av. Mus. Berol., 1854, 76.— Scla- 

 TERand Salvin, Norn. Av. Neotr., 1873, 100. 



Centarus hypopolius Cabanis, Journ. flir Orn., 1862, 329 (crit.).— Sclater, 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, 176 (in text).— Lawrence, Bull. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., no. 4, 1876, 35 (Chapulco, Puebla).— Sumichrast, La Naturaleza, v, 

 1881, 240 (Chapulco and Tehuacan, Puebla).— Ridg way, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., iv, 1881, 113 (monogr.).— Ferrari-Perez, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., ix, 

 1886, 160 (Huehuetan and Izucar de Matamoras, Puebla). 



C{enturus] hypopolius Ridgway, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., iv, 1881, 98 (diagnosis). • 



M[elanerpes] hypopolius Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 292. 



Melanerpes hypopolius Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xviii, 1890, 186 (Valley of 

 Mexico; Chietla, San Bartolo, Izucar, and San Miguel Molino, Puebla; Sierra 

 Madre del Sur).— Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, ii, 1895, 425 

 (Tehuacan, Tecuapan, Huehuetlan, Izucar de Matamoros, San Miguel 

 Molino, Chietla, San Bartolo, Epatlan, and Chapulco, Puebla; Sierra Madre 

 del Sur, Guerrero). 



[Melanerpes] hypopolius Sharpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 212. 



CENTURUS UROPYGIALIS UROPYGIALIS Baird. 



GILA WOODPECKER. 



Adult maZe.— Head, neck, and most of under parts plain drab, 

 grayish drab or buffy drab,^ darkest on hindneck, palest on cliin, 

 forehead, and nasal tufts; crown with a broad median patch of bright 

 poppy red or scarlet vermilion; back, scapulars, and upper rump 

 regularly, sharply, and rather broadly barred with black and white, 

 the wliite bars, wliich are usually tmged with pale brownish buffy, 

 averaging about 2-2.5 mm. wide and, usually, slightly narrower than 

 the black ones; lower rump and upper tail-covers white, barred 

 (sometimes narrowly) with black, those on upper tail-coverts usually 

 more or less V- or brace-shaped ; tail black, the inner web of middle 

 pair of rectrices white (except terminally) broadly barred with black, 

 the outer web with a wedge-shaped streak of white, extendmg for 

 proximal half or more, the outermost pair crossed for most of their 

 length by broad, interrupted, bars of white, the next pair with 

 similar markings on distal portion; wings black, the coverts and 

 secondaries barred with pure white (the bars narrower on coverts, 

 much broader on secondaries), the primaries with a large, more or 

 less broken, patch of white on subbasal portion of outer webs, the 

 inner (proximal) quills with a terminal spot or terminal edging of 



o According to Cabanis (Journ. fiir Orn., 1862, 329), Wagler's specimens were from 

 Tehuacan and Tecuapan, Puebla. 



b The color deeper and more drab in fresh plumage, paler and more buffy in worn 

 summer plumage. 



