BIRDS OP ISrORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 57 



Upper and Lower Austral zones of eastern United States; north, 

 regularly, to Delaware, central and western New York, southwestern 

 Ontario, southern Michigan, southern Wisconsin, and southeastern 

 Minnesota, irregularly or casually to northern New York (Lewis 

 County), Connecticut, and Massachusetts; west to southeastern 

 South Dakota, eastern Nebraska, eastern Kansas, Oklahoma (Mount 

 Scott), west central Texas, etc., casually to Colorado (Boulder County; 

 Yuma; Greeley; Limon); south to southern Florida and along Gulf 

 coast to central Texas (south to Bee and Concho counties) ; accidental 

 in Arizona (Fort Grant). 



[Picus] caroUnus Linn^us, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, i, 1758, 113 (based on The Red- 

 bellied Woodpecker, Picus ventre rubra, Catesby, Nat. Hist. Car., i, 19, pi. 19, 

 fig. 2); ed. 12, i, 1766, 174, part (excl. syn. Picus varius medius Sloane, Picas 

 varius jamaicensis Brisson, and Picus jamaicensis Ed wards). « — Gmelin, Syst. 

 Nat., i, pt. i, 1788, 431.— Latham, Index Om., i, 1790, 231. 



Picus carolinus Wilson, Am. Orn., i, 1808, 113, pi. 7, fig. 2. — Vieillot, Nouv. 

 Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxiv, 1818, 93. — Bonaparte, Ann. Lye. N. Y., ii, pt. i, 

 1826, 45.— Valenciennes, Diet. Sci. Nat., xl, 1826, 181.— Drapiez, Diet. 

 Class., xiii, 1828, 496. — Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., Land Birds, 

 1832, 572; 2d ed., 1840, 677.— Audubon, Orn. Biog., v, 1839, 169, pi. 415, 

 fig. 3; pi. 416, fig. 4; Synopsis, 1839, 183; Birds Am., oct. ed., iv, 1842, 270, 

 pi. 270. — Maximilian, Journ. fiir Orn., 1858, 418. — Sundevall, Consp. Av. 

 Picin., 1866, 53. 



P[icus] carolinus Lichtenstein, Verz. Doubl., 1823, 10. — Bonaparte, Journ. Ac. 

 Nat. Sci. Phila., iii, pt. ii, 1824, 370; Obs. Wils. Am. Orn., 1826, [31]. 



Centurus carolinus Bonaparte, Comp. and Geog. List, 1838, 40. — Sclater, Cat. 

 Am. Birds, 1862, 342 (e. North America).— Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Sm-v., 

 ix, 1858, 109; Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, no. 91. — Cabanis, Journ. fiir Om., 

 1862, 324 (crit.).— Taylor, Ibis, 1862, 128 (Florida).— Allen, Proc. Essex 

 Inst., iv, 1864, 53 (Massachusetts, accidental); Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., ii, 

 1871, 306 (Florida); iii, 1872, 180 (Kansas); Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vi, 1881, 

 183 (Massachusetts). — Dresser, Ibis, 1865, 469 (San Antonio, etc., Texas, 

 common resident). — Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., viii, 1866, 291 (vicinity 

 New York City).— Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Picidae, 1868, 99.— Trippe, 

 Proc. Bost. Soc. N. H., xv, 1872, 233 (Decatur and Mahaska counties, Iowa, 

 breeding). — Allen, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., iii, 1872, 129 (Leavenworth and 

 Topeka, Kansas; crit.). — Snow, Birds Kansas, 1873, 3. — Coues, Check List, 

 1873, no. 306; 2d ed., 1882, no. 450; Birds Northwest, 1874, 289.— Baird, 

 Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1874, 554, pi. 52, figs. 1, 4. — 

 RiDGWAY, Bull. Essex Inst., v, 1873, 177, 185 (Colorado); Field and Forest, 

 i, 1877, 209 (Boulder Co., Colorado); Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., iii, 1880, 189; 

 iv, 1881, 99 (monogr.); Nom. N. Am. Birds, 1881, no. 372.— Brewster, Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y., xi, 1875, 144 (Ritchie Co., West Virginia; habits); Bull. Nutt. 

 Orn. Club, iii, 1878, 181 (descr. young female). — Merriam, Trans. Conn. 

 Ac. Sci., iv, 1877, 65 (accidental in Connecticut); Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iv, 

 1879, 6 (Lewis Co., New York, 1 spec, winter). — Mearns, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 

 Club, iii, 1878, 146 (Cornwall, 1 spec, Sept., 1870).— Rathbun (F. R.), Rev. 

 List Birds Centr. New York, 1879, 25 (resident).— Plummer, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 

 Club, vi, 1881, 120 (Newton, Massachusetts, Ispec, Nov. 25, 1880).— Brown, 

 (N. C), Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vii, 1882, 40 (Boerne, Kendall Co., e. w. 



o =C. radiolatus (Wagler). 



