BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 49 



bristly tips. Orbital region more or less naked (extensively and 

 completely so in C. chrysogenys, much less so in C. carolinus, C. 

 aurifrons, C. santacruzi, C. dubius, 0. polygrammus, C. Jioffmanni, 

 very little so in 0. uropygialis and C. Jiypopolius) . Wing rather 

 long, the longest primaries exceeding secondaries by about one- 

 fourth the length of wing, except in C. radiolatus, C. striatus, and C. 

 chrysogenys, in which the difference equals about one-fifth the length 

 of wing; sixth and seventh or sixth, seventh, and eighth primaries 

 longest (fifth, sixth, and seventh longest in C. s^ria^us), ninth usually 

 shorter than fourth (nearly or quite equal to fifth in C. hypopolius, 

 about equal to third in C. chrysogenys, C. radiolatus, and 0. 

 striatus), the tenth more than one-third as long as ninth in C. super- 

 ciliaris and allied forms, C. uropygialis, C. chrysogenys, C. radiolatus, 

 and C. striatus. Tail usually a little less than two-thirds as long as 

 wing, quite two-thirds as long in C. superciliaris and allied forms, 

 C. chrysogenys, and C. striatus, much less than two-thirds (scarcely 

 half) as long in 0. wagleri, the middle rectrices narrowly and rather 

 abruptly acuminate terminally (except in C. striatus). Tarsus 

 usually shorter than hind toe with claw (about as long in C. striatus, 

 C. cJirysogenys, C. uropygialis, and C. hypopolius); outer hind toe 

 slightly but distinctly shorter than outer anterior toe, except in 

 C. striatus, C. uropygialis, and C. hypopolius. 



Coloration. — Upper parts conspicuously barred with black and 

 white or black and yellowish; under parts plain grayish, brownish, 

 or yellowish, usually more or less barred posteriorly, the abdomen 

 usually reddish or yellowish; adult males with more or less of red 

 on pileum (whole pileum and hindneck sometimes red); no red on 

 tlu"oat nor chest. 



Range. — Continental Tropical America, south to the Guianas, 

 Venezuela, Tobago, Trinidad, and Colombia, southern portion of 

 Nearctic Region, and Greater Antilles (Bahamas, Cuba, Grand 

 Cayman, Haiti, and Jamaica). (About twenty-five species and 

 subspecies.") 



a The ideal classification would probably require a subdivision of this genus, in 

 which (as here considered) there are considerable structural differences in the several 

 species. For example, in addition to variations of the wing-formula, relative length 

 of wing and tail, relative length of toes, etc., there are other characters which, care- 

 fully studied, may result in a satisfactory definition of additional groups. The feet 

 are relatively very large and strong in C. superciliaris and C. radiolatus, as compared 

 with the relatively small and weak, or slender, ones of C. uropygialis and C. hypo- 

 polius; but the fact that unquestionably close relatives of the former, the several 

 Bahaman forms, have the feet intermediate in this respect invalidates this character 

 as a basis for subdivision. 



3622°— Bull. 50, pt 6—14 4 



