BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 205 



Gen. Birds, ii, 1845, 435. — Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 137. — Maximilian, 

 Journ. fixr Orn., 1858, 353 (Allegheny Mts., Ohio, etc.).— Ridgway, Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y., X, 1874, 377, part (Illinois).— Coues, Key N. Am. Birds, 2d ed., 

 1884, 483. 



[Picas villosus.] Var. villosus Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. 

 Birds, ii, 1874, 503. 



Picas (Trichopicas) villosus Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, p. xxvii. 



[Dryobates] villosus Boie, Isis, 1828, 326. 



Dryohatcs villosus Brewster, Auk, iii, 1886, 104 (Black Mts., w. North Carolina, 

 5,700 ft.). — American Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886 (and2ded., 

 1895), no. 393.— Langdon, Auk, iv, 1887, 130 (Chilhowee Mts., e. Tennes- 

 see). — Ridgway, Orn. Illinois, i, 1889, 376, part. — Bendire, Life Hist. N. Am. 

 Birds, ii, 1895, 46. — Swales and Taverner, Wilson Bull., no. 55, 1906, 65 

 (Lake Muskoka, Ontario; crit.). — Adams, Ecol. Surv. N. Mich., 1906, 115 

 (Porcupine Mts., n. Michigan, summer). — Visher, Auk, xxvi, 1909, 148 

 (w. South Dakota, resident). — Cooke, Auk, xxvi, 1909, 412 (Dry Willow 

 Creek, Yuma Co., Colorado, breeding; Arkansas Valley, w. to Fowler, 

 Colorado). — (?)Embody, Auk, xxvii, 1910, 172 (Hanover Co., Virginia, 

 resident). — Wood and Gaige, Pub. 4, Mich. Geol. and Biol. Surv., 1911, 286 

 (Michigan; resident, except on Isle Royale). — Beal, Bull. 37, U. S. Biol. 

 Surv., 1911, 13, pi. 1, upper fig. (food). 



D{ryohates'\ villosus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, heft 2, 1863, 66, part. — 

 Ridgway, Man. N. Am. Birds, 1887, 282. 



Dryobates villosus villosus Oberholser, Notes on Mam. and Summer Birds 

 w. North Carolina, 1905, 14 (breeding on mts. down to at least 5,000 ft.); 

 Proc. XJ. S. Nat. Mus., xl, 1911, 596, 598 (monogr.). — Jenkins, Auk, xxiii, 

 1906, 166 (crit.).— Smith (H. G.), Auk, xxv, 1908, 185 (Dry Willow Creek, 

 Yuma Co., Colorado, breeding; crit.). — ^American Ornithologists' Union, 

 Check List, 3d ed., 1910, 185. 



{?)Picus (Dendrocopus) villosus Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 305. 



[Trichopicu^] villosus Bonaparte, Ateneo Italiano, ii, 1854, 123 (Consp. Volucr. 

 Zygod., 1854,8). 



Dendrocopus villosus, Typical, Hargitt, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xviii, 1890, 230. 



[Dendrocopus] villosus Sharpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 214, part. 



Picu^ leucomelas Boddaert, Tabl. PI. Enl., 1783, 21 (based on Pic, da Canada 

 Daubenton, PI. Enl., pi. 345, fig. l=adult female). — Cassin, Proc. Ac. Nat. 

 Sci. Phila., 1863, 199.— Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Capit. and Picid., 1868, 

 46. 



[Picusi canadensis Gmelin, Syst. Nat., i, pt. i, 1788, 437 (based on Pic, du Canada 

 Daubenton, PI. Enl., pi. 345, fig. l=adult female). — Latham, Index Orn., 

 i, 1790, 230, 



Picu^ canadensis Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 173. — Vieillot, Nouv. 

 Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxvi, 1818, 92. 



{?)Picas canadensis (not of Gmelin?) Audubon, Orn. Biog., v, 1839, 188, pi. 417, 

 fig. 7; Synopsis, 1839, 177; Birds Am., oct. ed., iv, 1845, 235, pi. 258.— 

 Malherbe, Mon. Picid., i, 1861, 78; iii, 1861, pi. 21, fig. 4. 



{?)P[icas] canadensis Bonnaterre and Vieillot, Enc. M^th., iii, 1823, 1318. — 

 Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 1850, 137. — Reichenbach, Handb., Scansores, 

 Picinge, 1854, 373, pi. 638, figs. 4250, 4251. 



P[icus] leucomelanus Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, sp. 18 (Canada; coll. Paris 

 Mus.). 



Picus martini Audubon, Birds Am., 1838, pi. 417, figs. 1, 2 (Toronto, Ontario; 

 type now in coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). — Bonaparte, Geog. and Comp. List, 

 1838, 39.— Malherbe, Mon. Picid., i, 1861, 82; iii, 1861, pi. 22, figs. 1, 2. 



