BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 233 



DRYOBATES PUBESCENS MEDIANUS (Swainson). 



DOWNY WOODPECKER. 



Similar to B. p. pubescens, but larger, and the whitish of under 

 parts, etc., slightly paler (more nearly white). 



Adult male.— Length (skins), 145-161 (153); wing, 91-96.5 (94.1); 

 tail, 51-60.5 (55.8); exposed culmen, 15-17.5 (16.4); tarsus, 15-16.5 

 (16); outer anterior toe, 10-11 (10.5).« 



Adult female. — Length (sldns), 145-161 (153); wing, 91.5-97 

 (94.7); tail, 50.5-61.5 (56.4); exposed culmen, 14.5-17.5 (15.4); 

 tarsus, 15-16.5 (15.4); outer anterior toe, 9.5-11 (10.4).^ 



Upper Austral Zone and part of Transition Zone of eastern North 

 America, from southeastern Virginia (Dismal Swamp), highlands of 

 North and South Carolina, northern Georgia, eastern Tennessee, 

 southern Illinois and Indiana, eastern Kansas, etc., northward to 

 about northern border of United States and maritime provinces of 

 Canada to Newfoundland; grading into D. p. nelsoni northward, into 

 D. p. pubescens southward; westward to eastern portion of Great 

 Plains, occasionally to base of Kocky Mountains (Denver, Colorado, 

 May); Kodiak Island, Alaska (resident).*' 



Picas pubescens (not of Linnaeus) Wilson, Am. Om., i, 1807, 153, part, pi. 9, 

 fig. 4. — ViEiLLOT, Ois. Am. Sept., ii, 1807, 65, part, pi. 121; Nouv. Diet. 

 d'Hist. Nat., xxvi, 1818, 82, part. — Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 

 170, part. — Bonaparte, Ann. Lye. N. Y., ii, pt. i, 1826, 46, part; S>-nopsia 

 Birds U. S., 1828, 46, part; Obs. Wilson's Am. Orn., 1826, [240], part; Geog. 

 and Comp. List, 1838, 39, part.— Lesson, Traite d'Orn., 1831, 228, part,— 

 NuTTALL, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., i, 1832, 576, part. — Audubon, Orn. 

 Biog., ii, 1834, 81, part, pi. 112; v, 1839, 539, part; Synopsis, 1839, 180, part; 

 Birds Am., oct. ed., iv, 1842, 249, part, pi. 263. — Woodhouse, in Rep. Sit- 

 greaves' Expl. Zuni and Col. R., 1853, 89, part (Indian Territory; Texas). — 

 Baird, Rep. Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 89, part; Cat. N. Am. Birds, 1859, 

 no. 76, part. — Malherbe, Mon. Picid., i, 1861, 119, part; iii, 1861, pi. 29, figs. 

 8, 9.— ScLATER, Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 334, part (eastern North America). — 

 SuNDEVALL, Consp. Av. Picin., 1866, 17, part. — Allen, Bull. Mus. Comp. 

 Zool., iii, 1872, 129 (Topeka and Leavenworth, e. Kansas, May; crit.). — 

 CouES, Cheek List, 1873, no. 299, part; 2d ed., 1882, no. 440, part.— Baird, 

 Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1874, 509, part. — Mearns, 



a Thuteen specimens, from Massachusetts (6), New York (2), Pennsylvania (3), Wis- 

 consin (1), and Iowa (1). 



& Eighteen specimens, from Massachusetts (9), New York (4), and Pennsvlvania (5). 

 In the series from Massachusetts are several specimens which closely approach 2). p. 

 nelsoni in dimensions. 



c I am not able to detect the minutest difference, in any respect, between Kadiak 

 examples of this species and specimens of true D. p. medianus from the northeastern 

 United States, and therefore, notwithstanding the puzzle of geographic distribution 

 involved in the case, I do not know what else to do with these Kadiak birds than to 

 refer them (provisionally, at least) to D. p. medianus. 



An adult male from Saturna Island, British Columbia, taken Feb. 3, 1894, in the 

 Bangs collection (no. 4508), is exactly like Kadiak specimens, and may be a migrant 

 from there. 



