BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 293 



northern New York (Herkimer, Lewis, and Hamilton counties), 

 northern Ontario, etc.; sporadically or irregularly southward in 

 winter to Massachusetts, southern Ontario, northern ^Michigan, 

 northern Wisconsin, northern Minnesota, etc. 



[Picus] tridactylus (not of Linnseus) Forster, Philos. Trans., Ixii, 1772, 388 

 (Severn R., Keewatin). 



Picus tridactylus Bonaparte, Ann. Lye. N. Y., ii, pt. i, 1826, 46, 437 (descr. 

 plumages); Synop. Birds U. S., 1828, 46. — Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 

 1831, pi. 56 (sources of Athabasca R.). — Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., 

 Land Birds, 1832, 578.— Audubon, Orn. Biog., ii, 1834, 197, pi. 132; v, 1839, 

 538. 



Picus {Apternus) tridactylus Swainson, Fauna Bor.-Am., ii, 1831, 311 (soin-cea 

 of Athabasca R.). — Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., Water Birds, 1834, 

 602. 



{'>)Picus undulatus Vieillot, Ois. Am. Sept., ii, 1807, 69 (based on Picus varius 

 cayanensis Brisson, Orn., iv, 54; Pic tachete de Cayenne Daubenton, PI. Enl., 

 pi. 553). — Bonnaterre and Vieillot, Enc. M6th., iii, 1823, 1319. 



Tridactylia undulata Stephens, Shaw's Gen. Zool., ix, 1815, 220. 



T[ridactylia] undulata Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., iv, heft 2, 1863, 28 (n. 

 North America; Labrador). 



{l)Picus undosus Cuvier, Rfegne Anim., 2d ed., i, 1829, 451 (same basis as P. 

 undulatus Vieillot). 



{?)Picus undatus Temminck, Tabl. M^th., 1835-39, 63 (same basis as P. undu- 

 latus Vieillot). 



Picoides variegatus Valenciennes, Diet. Sci. Nat., xl, 1826, 191, part. 



Picus hirsutus Vieillot, Nouv. Diet. d'Hist. Nat., xxvi, 1818, 103, part (Hudson 

 Bay; cites Ois. Am. Sept.). — Wagler, Syst. Av., 1827, Picus, sp. 132. — 

 Audubon, Orn. Biog., v, 1839, 184; Synopsis, 1839, 183; Birds Am., oct. ed., 

 iv, 1842, 268, pi. 269.— Nuttall, Man. Orn. U. S. and Can., Land Birds, ed. 2, 

 1840, 622. 



Apternus hirsutus Bonaparte, Geog. and Comp. List, 1838, 39. 



[Apternus] hirsutus Bonaparte, Consp. Av., i, 1850, 139; Ateneo Italiano, ii, 

 1854, 123 (Consp. Volucr. Zygod., 1854, 8). 



A[pternus] hirsutus Reichenbach, Handb. Scansores, Picinae, 1854, 361, pi. 630, 

 figs. 4192, 4193. 



P[icoides] hirsutus Gray, Gen. Birds, ii, 1845, 434. 



Picoides hirsutus Malherbe, M6m. Acad. Metz, xxx, 1849, 329. — Baird, Rep. 

 Pacific R. R. Surv., ix, 1858, 98; Cat. N .Am. Birds, 1859, no. 83.— 

 (?)Blakiston, Ibis, 1863, 52 (n. w. Canada). — Maynard, Birds e. N. Am., 

 1879, 247. 



Picus hirsitus Audubon, Orn. Biog., v, 1839, pi. 417, figs. 3, 4. 



Picoides americanus Brehm, Handb. Vogel Deutschl., 1831, 195 ("Amerika"). — 

 Malherbe, Mon. Picid., i, 1861, 176; iii, 1861, pi. 39, figs. 1, 2. — Sclater, 

 Cat. Am. Birds, 1862, 335.— Gray, List Birds Brit. Mus., Picidae, 1868, 

 30.— Coues, Check List, 1873, no. 301; 2d ed., 1882, no. 444.— Baird, 

 Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. N. Am. Birds, ii, 1874, pi. 50, fig. 2. — Mer- 

 RiAM, Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, iii, 1878, 200 (Lewis Co., New York, breeding; 

 deser. nest and eggs); iv, 1879, 6 (Lewis Co., resident). — Brewster, Proe. 

 Bost. Soc. N. H., xxii, 1883, 381 (Ellis Bay, Antieosti I., breeding).— 

 Turner, Proe. U. S. Nat. Mus., viii, 1885, 242 (Labrador). — American 

 Ornithologists' Union, Check List, 1886 (and 2d ed., 1895), no. 401. — 

 Allen, Bull. Am. Mus. N. H., i, 1886, 247 (Massachusetts records; accidental 



