336 BULLETIN 50, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 



Rhamphastos brevicarinatus Sclater, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xix, 1891, 127 (Turri- 

 alba, Costa Rica; Chitra, Santa Fe de Veragua, and Panama, Panama; Santa 

 Marta, Colombia).— Salvin and Godman, Biol. Centr.-Am., Aves, ii, 1896, 

 553 (Matagalpa, Rio Escondido, Bluefields, Los S^balos, La Libertad, San | 

 Emilis, and Greytown, Nicaragua; San Jos6, Angostiira, Dota Mts., Aguacate, i 

 Machuca, Orosi, Tucurriqui, Cartago, Naranjo de Cartago,' Tiirrialba, and j 

 Miravalles, Costa Rica; CMtra, Santa Fe de Veragua, and Lion Hill, Panama; j 

 n. Colombia).— Salvadori and Festa, Boll. Mus. Zool., etc., Torino, xiv, | 

 1899, no. 339, 9 (Laguna del Pita, Panama).— Bangs, Proc. New Engl. Zool. , 

 Club, ii, 1900, 17 (Loma del Leon, Panama).— Ferry, Pub. 146, Field Mus. ; 

 N. H., om. ser., i, no. 6, 1910, 266 (Guayabo, Costa Rica; habits).— Carriker, 

 Ann. Carnegie Mus., vi, 1910, 572 (Costa Rica; crit.; habits). 



R[haviphastos] brevicarinatm Salvin, Ibis, 1869, 317 (Costa Rica). 



[Rhaviphastos] brevicarinatus Sharpe, Hand-list, ii, 1900, 189. 



Burhynchus brevicarinatus Heine and Reichenow, Nom. Mus. Hein. Orn., 1890, 

 228 (Barranquilla, Colombia). 



Ramphastos approximans Cabanis, Journ. fiir Orn., x, no. 59, Sept., 1862, 333 

 (Costa Rica; coll. Berlin Mus.).— Cassin, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Pliila., 1867, 

 103.— Frantzius, Journ. fiir Om., 1869, 362 (Costa Rica).— Lawrence, Ann. 

 Lye. N. Y., ix, 1868, 128; crit. (San Jos6, Angostura, Dota, and Grecia, Costa 

 Rica). 



Ramphastos carinatus (not of Swaiason) Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., vii, 1862, 

 299 (Panama).— Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1864, 366 (Pan- 

 ama).— Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1867, 156 (Santa Fe de Veragua, Pan- 

 ama; crit.); 1870, 211 (Chitra, Veragua).— Nutting, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 vi, 1884, 407 (Los S^balos, Nicaragua).— Zeledon, Anal. Mus. Nac. Costa 

 Rica, i, 1887, 123 (Cartago, Naranjo de Cartago, and Turrialba, Costa Rica). 



Rhamphastos carinatus Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1879, 206 (Manaure, Santa 

 Marta, Colombia, 2,700 ft.); 1880, 175 (Minca, Santa Marta, 2,000 ft.).— Un- 

 derwood, Ibis, 1896, 445 (Volcan de Miravalles, Costa Rica). 



[Rhamphastos] carinatus Sclater and Salvin, Nom. Av. Neotr., 1873, 108, part 

 (Panama, etc.). 



Ramphastos piscivorus (not of Liangeus) Lawrence, Ann. Lye. N. Y., viii, 1867, 

 183 (Greytown, Nicaragua).— Sclater and Salvin, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 

 1867, 280 (Bluefields, Nicaragua).— Finsch, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1870, 585 

 (Trinidad). 

 Ramphastos tocard {not oiYieiUot) Salvin and Godman, Ibis, 1879, 206 (Manaure, 

 Santa Marta, Colombia, 2,700 ft.)- 



RAMPHASTOS SWAINSONH Gould. 



SWAINSON'S TOTJCAN. 



Adults {sexes aliTce). —T^eum, hindneck, and back black, strongly 

 washed with maroon, especially on hindneck and upper back; upper 

 tail-coverts white; rest of upper parts uniform, shghtly glossy, bluish 

 or greenish black; malar and auricular regions, thi'oat, and foreneck 

 deep lemon or pure gamboge yellow, usually paler anteriorly, the 

 semicircular posterior outline margined by a narrow line of white 

 unmediately followed by a wider one of bright carmine or crimson; 

 under tail-coverts bright poppy red or carmine; rest of under parts, 

 including under side of wings, uniform black; lower-basal portion of 

 maxilla deep chestnut or claret brown (fading to grayish or dull pmk- 



