BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 359 



AULACORHYNCHUS C^RULEOGULARIS COGNATUS (Nelson). 



GOLDMAN'S BLUE-THROATED TOUCANET. 



Similar to ^. c. cseruleogularis but prenasal spot on maxilla deep 

 black, instead of chestnut; pileum and hindneck averaging less oliva- 

 ceous, and size averaging less, except feet. 



Adult male.— Length (skins), 290-308 (300); wing, 118-121.5 

 (119.3); tail, 93-104 (98); culmen, 62.5-64.5 (63.5); tarsus, 34-36 

 (34.9); outer anterior toe, 23-25.5 (24.6).« 



Adult female. —Length, (skin), 290; wing, 121.5; tail, 99.5; culmen, 

 53.5; tarsus, 31.5; outer anterior toe, 24.5.^ 



Southeastern Panama (Mt. Pirri, 5,000-5,200 ft., near head of Rio 

 Limon) . 



Aulacorhamphus cxruleigularis cognatus Nelson, Smithson. Misc. Coll., vol. 60, 

 no. 3, (pub. 2143) Sept. 27, 1912, 4 (Mt. Pirri, head of Kio Limon, 5,000 ft. e. 

 Panama; coll. U. S. Nat. Mus.). 



Superfamily G-^LBXJIL.^. 

 JACAMARS AND PTJFF-BIRDS. 



'^Syndactyli Illiger, Prodromus Orn., 1811, 207. (Includes Galhula only.) 



=Galbulae Fuerbringer, Unters. Morph. Syst. Vog., ii, 1888, 1567. 



yOalhuU Sharpe, Rev. Classif. Birds, 1891, 84; Hand-list, ii, 1900, 194. 



(Excludes Bucconidse.) 

 =Galbulidae Gadow, in Bronn's Thier-Reich, Vog., ii, 1893, 265, 301; Classif. 



Vertebr., 1898, 37. 

 = Passerine Scansores SEBBOnM, Classif. Birds, 1890, 6. 

 yBuccones Sharpe, Rev. Classif. Birds, 1891, 84; Hand-list, ii, 1900, 196. 



(Excludes Galbulidse.) 



Small to moderately large desmognathous scansorial (zygodactyle) 

 Coraciiformes with two carotid arteries, nude oil-gland, non-oscinine 

 or suboscinine wing-coverts, temporal fossae only moderately deep, 

 and ectepicondyloid process of humerus absent. 



Temporal fossae only moderately deep; thoracic haemapophyses 

 with ventral lateral expansions; furcula U-shaped, with hypoclei- 

 deum; humero-coracoid fossa weak; ectepicondyloid process of hu- 

 merus absent; two carotid arteries; caeca present; oil-gland nude; 

 wing-coverts nonoscinine or suboscinine (no proximally overlapping 

 middle coverts), and aftershaft absent or greatly reduced; basiptery- 

 goid processes absent ; myological formula AX or AXY ; spinal pteryla 

 well-defined on neck, forked on lower (not on upper) back; adult 

 downs absent; tongue long, tapering, and membraneous. 

 key to the families of galbul^. 



a. Vomer absent; planta tarsi smooth (nonscutellate); pectoral pteryla with a nar- 

 row lateral (clavicular) and an inner (postero-gular) branch; aftershaft present 

 (but small); tip of maxilla not decurved, or else (Jacavurops) gonys cari- 

 nate and plumage of upper parts brilliantly metallic; gonys ridged (carina te); 

 wing-coverts sub-oscinine; lateral rectrices rudimentary or sixth pair absent; 



plumage more or less metallic Galbulidse (p. 360). 



aa. Vomer present; planta tarsi scutellate; pectoral pteryla without lateral (cla\T.cular) 

 or inner (postero-gular) branches; aftershaft absent; tip of maxilla decurved 

 (often uncinate); gonys rounded; wing-coverts non-oscinine (picarian); lateral 

 rectrices well-developed; plumage not at all metallic Bucconidae (p. 370). 



a Five specimens. & One specimen. 



