BIRDS OF NORTH AND MIDDLE AMERICA. 



769 



slaty brown on pileum, back, and scapulars, the remiges and rectrices 

 with sub terminal spots of dusky; under parts usually marked, more 

 or less distinctly, on abdomen, sides, and flanks with narrow bars of 

 clear slaty brown, but these sometimes wholly absent; bill black; 

 iris lemon yellow; claws black; length (skins), 530-600 (558); wing, 

 394-422 (408.1); tail, 220-244 (230.2); culmen, from cere, 24.5-27.5 

 (25.7).« 



Adult female. — Much darker than the adult male, only the face, 

 foreneck, median portion of breast, and the feet being immaculate, 

 other portions being heavily barred with dark brownish slate, the 

 pileum and hindneck spotted with the same; bill, etc., as in adult 

 male; length (skins), 590-710 (647); wing, 425-465 (446.4); tail, 

 235-275 (254); culmen, from cere, 26-28 (27.5).«' 



Young. — ^Uniform dusky brown or deep sooty grayish, paler on 

 legs and feet. 



Northern portion of Northern Hemisphere; in North America 

 breeding from far within the Arctic Circle southward to northern 

 Ungava, central Keewatin, central Mackenzie, and northern British 

 Columbia; " in winter southward to more northern United States, 

 irregularly (according to severityof the season), but sometimes numer- 

 ously, to Virginia, Illinois, Kansas, Colorado (Fort Collins; Colorado 

 Springs; near Breckenridge ; West Valley), and mouth of Columbia 

 Kiver, casually or rarely to South Carolina (Chester County, Decem- 

 ber, 1886; near Winnsboro, Fairfield County, Nov. 28, 1908); Lou- 

 isiana (Baton Rouge; Bayou des AUemands, winter of 1878-79), 

 Texas, and California (Sonoma, Alameda, and Santa Cruz coun*ties); 



a Fourteen specimens. 

 b Eleven specimens. 



c It has been claimed that this species breeds as far southward as lat. 53° in Lab- 

 rador, in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, northern Maine, northern 

 New York (Adirondack Mountains), and northern Manitoba (Lake Winnipeg); but 

 the records have not been verified. 



3622°— Bull. 50, pt 6—14 49 



