310 



with four interrupted, white lines on each side, the lowest coinciding with 

 the abdominal fold. Head, a spot on top of first segment, tail clappet, and 

 legs deep rufous red, almost sanguineous. Hairs Avhite. The white lines 

 are widely interrupted in the middle of each segment, and less widely at the 

 incisures. A red spot on each side of the fourth and fifth segments and also 

 of the tenth and eleventh segments, corresponding with the legs on the 

 other segments. Two inches long. Lai'vas seen Aug. 8-30. Changed to 

 pupae Sept. 2-27. Imago, July 15-22. 



Clostera americana Harr. [PI. iii, fig. 3.] 



August and Sept., 1835; gregarious caterpillars on the Balm of Gilead 

 tree; folding up the leaf and lining it with silk as a common web, the pet- 

 iole being also fastened to the trunk by silk. 



Color of the larva yellow; head, geminate tubercles on the fourth and 

 eleventh segments, tip of last segment and true feet, black; three narrow 

 dorsal and three broader lateral vittse, and spiracles, black. The larva is 

 much like that of Closiera anaclwrda Ernst, 1G5, f. 214, and C. 7'eclusa 

 Ei-ust, 1G5, fig. 216, and closely resembled C. anastomosis. Thin cocoon 

 formed in a box Oct. 4, 1835. Another cocoon formed in October, 1837, 

 disclosed the imago June 15, 1838. 



August 10, 1838. Found the larvae in gi'eat abundance on the Balm 

 of Gilead tree. These caterijillars are gregarious, and form a common 

 shelter consisting of a leaf folded longitudinally and lined with a thick web 

 of silk beneath which the insects are sheltered when not feeding. They eat 

 the Avhole of the leaves except the veins, which remain untouched. The 

 petioles of the small leaves used as habitations are fastened with silk. 

 The larger leaves subsequently used for shelter are not thus secured. 

 They do not eat the leaves which serve for habitations, but sometimes 

 fold one half of the leaf and eat the corresponding side. "When fully 

 grown the caterpillar measures one inch and a half or more in length. 

 They do not vary in color or markings at diil'erent ages. Body slightly 

 hairy, light yellow, the head, true feet, a double wart on the fourth, an- 

 other on the eleventh, anal valve, three slender dorsal stripej^ and three 

 broader lateral ones on a dusky ground, and the spiracles, black. In the 

 oldest caterpillars there is an orange coloi-ed line at the sides of the body 

 below the spiracles. The upper, lateral, black stripe is the broadest and 

 becomes indistinct towards the second, which gives to the sides the appear- 

 ance of a broad, dusky stripe marked with three black lines. ^ The thinly 



1 The middle lateral line is veiy slender, the lower one broader, more distinct tlian tlie 

 upper one; and below it, between and below the spiracles, are irregular blackish spots 

 which sometimes run together so as to resemble a fourth line. The tubercles have hairs 

 as well as the body. 



