366 



while the moths have most of the characters of the European genus Stauro- 

 pus or Harpya. These insects, though not uncommon in the Middle and 

 Southern States, have not yet been found in Massachusetts. They evi- 

 dently lead, through Harpya Ulmi and Milhauseri, to the Notodontlans 

 called unicornis and concinna. 



[Insert after first paragi'aph on p. 431, 3d Ed.] 



[313.] Mr. Abbot^ found the caterpillars of the ministra on a species of 

 Andromeda. He says that they also eat the leaves of several kinds of wal- 

 nut and oak; that those which eat walnut leaves are always black, with 

 white hairs; and when their food is of the oak that they are more yellow; 

 but that he had not observed any material diflference in the moths. 



[Insert after second paragraph on p. 545, 3d Ed.] 



[396.] Of this description are the galls called swamp-apples and cedar- 

 apples. The former grow on the small twigs of the swamp-pink, or Azalea 

 viscosa ; they are irregular in shape, of a greenish white color, and fleshy 

 consistence, like an apple, and are sometimes eaten, but afe rather too 

 astringent to be pleasant. Cedar-apples are found on the twigs of the red 

 cedar (Junip)erui; Virginiana') ; in their unripe state they are large, irregular, 

 and coarsely fringed lumps, of an orange color, and as soft as jelly; they 

 afterwards shrink, become hard and [397] round, and the thick, fringe-like 

 projections on their surface shorten, and take the appearance of leathery 

 prickles. They have been given as a medicine to e.xpel worms; and their 

 efficacy, if they really have any, probably depends upon the resin and oil 

 peculiar to the tree, which gives to the galls, even when dried, somewhat of 

 a turpentine smell. 



* See " Insects of Georgia," p. 161, pi. 81. 



