BEETLE GENUS ONTHOPHAGUS — ^HOWDEN, CARTWRIGHT 125 



Outline of pronotiim generally similar to that of male major, but 

 less convex and with a median conical protuberance projecting slightly 

 beyond the anterior margin, occasionally reduced to a poorly defined 

 arcuate ridge but usually well developed and quite similar to the male 

 major pronotal hump in such species as 0. texanus, 0. suhaeneus, and 

 0. knausi] punctures of disc similar to tliose of male but with the 

 setae occasionally longer and more noticeable. Elytra with tubercles 

 slightly larger but otherwise similar to those of male major. Pygidium 

 less convex than in male, coarsely punctate, smooth surfaces finely 

 alutaceous. Ventral surfaces not differing significantly. Teeth of 

 the prothoracic tibia basally thicker than in the male, in other respects 

 alike in the two sexes. Last abdominal segment not narrowed 

 medially to receive the pygidium. 



Type. — Collection of the Linnean Society, London (Landin, 1956, 

 p. 7). 



Type locality. — Europe. 



Specimens examined, — 358. 



Distribution. — (See fig. 10, p. 100,) 



Canada: alberta: Christina Lake. British Columbia: Creston, Elko, 

 Marysville, Osoyoos. new Brunswick: Grand Manon, Miscow Harbor [sic], 

 St. John. NEWFOUNDLAND: HarmoH Field, nova scotia: Windsor, Halifax. 

 Ontario: Chalk River, Honey Harbor, Irondale, Marmora, Quebec: Duparquet, 

 Joliette, Kazabazua, Knowlton, Montreal. 



United States: Connecticut: Canaan, Pomfret. idaho: Granite, Priest 

 Lake (Boumer Co.), Sagle. maine: East Machias, Millnocket, Old Orchard, 

 West Bethel, Maryland: Ridgely. Massachusetts: Amherst, Barnstable 

 (Cape Cod), Blue Hill, Boston, Clinton, Forest Hills, Framingham, Ipswich, 

 Milton, Hyannis, North Saugus, Salisbury Beach, Sherborn, Wilbraham, Woods 

 Hole. Michigan: Cheboygan, Douglas Lake, Molasses River, Wilson State Pk. 

 Montana: Glacier National Pk, new Hampshire: (State label), new jersey: 

 Berlin, Camden, Dumont, Gloucester, Reed Beach (Cape May Co,), Riverton. 

 new York: Albany, Brooklyn, Flatbush, Ithaca, Mt. Hurricane (Essex Co,), 

 Mt. Whiteface, Orient, Plattsburg, Port Gibson, Schroon River, Utica, Waverly, 

 Woodville. Pennsylvania: Broomall. rhode island: Providence. Vermont: 

 Stowe. Virginia: (State label; this seems doubtful). Wisconsin: Oconto Co., 

 Oneida Co. 



Remarks, — This European species, which has become widely 

 established in North America, may be distinguished from the American 

 species by its moderately large size (6 to 8 mm,), black head and thorax, 

 and brown elytra mottled with black. Dorsally the pronotum is 

 coarsely punctate and finely alutaceous between the punctures. The 

 males can be easily recognized by the presence of a single median 

 horn arising from the vertex. 



While little has been recorded on the habits of the species in North 

 America, the life cycle in Europe has been described in detail by 

 Burmeister (1930) and by von Lengerken (1954, pp. 207-235). 



