BEETLE GENUS ONTHOPHAGUS — HOWDEN, CARTWRIGHT 123 



The subspecies 0. h. hlatchleyi can be separated from other closely 

 related species in the same way as 0. h. hecate is separated; it is 

 separated from 0. hecate by the characters discussed above. 



No difference has been noted in the habits of 0. h. hlatchleyi and 

 typical hecate. The Florida subspecies was collected at cow dung, 

 small animal droppings, decaying fruits, and the fermenting malt- 

 propionic acid mixtm-e. Specimens were taken both in the sandhill 

 areas and in the low hammock areas of south Florida. Some speci- 

 mens were taken at Paradise Key on raccoon dimg. 



Despite numerous adult records, the immature stages have not been 

 found. 



Onthophagus nuchicornis (Linnaeus) 



Plate 9, Figures 81 and 82 



Scarabaeus nuchicornis Linnaeus, 1758, p. 347. — Melsheimer, 1806, p. 3. 



Onthophagus nuchicornis (Linnaeus) Curtis, 1825, No. 52. — Henshaw, 1885, p. 

 87.— Schaeffer, 1914, p. 297.— Leng, 1920, p. 249.— Boucomont and Gillet, 

 1927, p. 207.— Burmeister, 1930, p. 562.— Boucomont, 1932, p. 318.— Brown 

 1940, p. 72; 1950, p. 200.— V. Lengerken, 1954. p. 207.— Landin, 1956, p. 7. 



Onthophagus rhinoceros Melsheimer, 1846, p. 134. — Lacordaire, 1856, p. 109. — 

 LeConte, 1863, p. 36 (footnote).— Horn, 1875, p. 141. 



Onthophagus rhinocerus [sic] (Melsheimer), Haldeman and LeConte 1853, p. 54. 



Onthophagus Xiphias? LeConte, 1863, p. 36 (footnote). 



Male majors. — Length 7.3 to 8.1 mm., width 4.4 to 4.7 mm. 

 Head and pronotum black, elytra tan mottled with black, with sutm-e 

 and base black; pygidiiun, ventral surfaces and appendages black. 

 Head with cl3"peus slightly reflexed anteriorly, vaguely emarginate; 

 otherwise the outline of clypeus and genae evenly arucate and nearly 

 semicircular. Disc of clypeus shining, very finely punctate anterior- 

 ly, becoming moderately punctate laterally and posteriorly; laterally, 

 the punctm'es elevated anteriorly to form a more or less distinct 

 tubercle, and each bearing short, tan seta; genae similarly punctate. 

 Clypeus and frons separated by a difl'erence in elevation, the frons 

 slightly higher; frons strongly arcuate forward and narrowly smooth 

 along anterior edge, moderately punctate, the punctm'es more widely 

 separated posteriorly. Vertex armed with a single, very distinctive 

 cylindrical median horn; the horn equal in height to the anterior 

 convexity of the pronotum and broadly flared or transversely flattened 

 basally with an angulation or denticle on each side near basal third 

 of its height. 



Pronotum weakly shining, completely margined, poorly so 

 posteriorly, anterior angles rounded; disc moderately convex, slightly 

 tumid anteriorly with a vague shallow, rather broad concavity medi- 

 ally behind the cephalic horn; surface coarsely, shailowly punctate; 

 posteriori}^ the punctures nearly cu-cular, separated by a distance 



