120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. ii4 



Lindquist (1933) found larvel cells of 0. hecate in Kansas in June 

 under dried cow dung in burrows up to 17 cm. deep; the brood cells 

 averaged 17 mm. in length by 8.5 mm. in diameter. The adult 

 emerged from the "round black pupal cells" between August 25 and 

 September 5. Ijindquist stated (p. 120-121) that "a considerable por- 

 tion of dung remained after the insects transformed from the larval to 

 the pupal stage and would no doubt be of value to the soil." He 

 found the average weight of each cell to be 0.26 grm. Information 

 on developmental time for each stage has not been published. 



An excellent description of the third stage larva of 0. hecate has 

 been given by Ritcher (1945, p. 14). 



Onthophagus hecate blatchleyi Brown 



Plate 8, Figures 73-75 

 Onthophagus blatchleyi Brown, 1929, p. 86. — Leng and Mutchler, 1933, p. 38. 



Male majors. — Length 7.5 to 8.5 mm., width 4.3 to 4.8 mm. 

 Dorsal surface with shining tubercles, smiace between opaque, finely 

 alutaceous. Color grayish black with a number of brownish spots 

 near elytral apices. Head with anterior portion of clypeus reflexed 

 sharply upwards, forming a horn similar to that described for hecate; 

 clypeus rugosely punctate laterally and becoming smooth medially, 

 clypeal carina moderately pronounced; frons noticeably finely aluta- 

 ceous between the scattered punctures behind the carina, laterally 

 near the eyes the alutaceous sculpture less pronounced; carina of 

 vertex only vaguely indicated, becoming more pronounced laterally 

 but without any indication of lateral horns; gena pronounced as in 

 0. hecate. 



Pronotum margmed anteriorly and laterally, convex. Anterior 

 process extending over the head almost as far as the clypeal carina; 

 the process broad, approximately a third the width of the pronotum, 

 the sides flaring slightly, near the apex forming acute apical angles, 

 with the anterior edge between them directed downward in broad, 

 flattened, apically emarginate horn. Pronotal surface densely tuber- 

 culate except for the anterior angles and an area immediately behind 

 and parallel to the anterior pronotal margin. The tubercles ovate, 

 shining, and separated by a distance usually slightly greater than their 

 length; generally less pronounced and separated by a much greater 

 distance than are the tubercles in 0. hecate. A very short, yellowish 

 seta, much shorter fhan is usual in hecate, at the base of most of the 

 tubercles. Elytral striae shining, intervals with very small, shining 

 tubercles, the surface between finely alutaceous. The tubercles fewer 

 and noticeably smaller than in hecate with the setae at their posterior 

 margin almost invisible, those in the interspace between the second 



