VARIATIONS IN HYLOCICHLA USTULATA — BOND 383 



and 397072. Neither H. u. ustulata nor H. u. oedica is represented 

 in the collection in this plumage. 



Adult females in fresh plumage: Hylocichla ustulata ustulata: The 

 upperparts are paler, slightly greener in hue than those of adult males 

 of the same season of the year; 156436 is an example. H. u. oedica 

 is not represented in the collection in this particular plumage. Speci- 

 mens of almae of this sex and age group were not well represented in 

 the collections which I studied, and the diagnostic coloration which 

 is indicated below may be open to correction; the two specimens 

 which I examined (397775 and 466951) are characterized by a pro- 

 nounced grayish-olive overcast, strildngly different from other plum- 

 ages of either sex or race. Females of swainsoni, on the other hand, 

 are bright reddish olive above and are quite similar to the Dresden 

 Brown of Ridgway; representatives of this group are 164179, 175847, 

 363970, and 375972. 



Subadult females in fresh plumage: Hylocichla ustulata ustulata 

 and H. u. oedica: None seen. H. u. almae: Specimens of this age and 

 sex group possess the darkest dorsal coloration of any specimens in 

 fall plumage; I would call it dark reddish brown, although the Brown- 

 ish Olive of Ridgway is quite close but perhaps a little too satiu^ated. 

 397618 and 419144 are examples of this plumage type. H. u. swain- 

 soni: Specimens are quite reddish olive above; they are definitely 

 more reddish olive above than males in fresh fall plumage, but on the 

 other hand they are shghtly paler than adult females in the fall. 

 Some examples are 362315, 404722, 460530, and 479755. 



Adult females in breeding plumage: Hylocichla ustulata ustulata: 

 Similar to males but slightly richer in hue. 157768, 166909, and 

 156357 are examples. H. u. oedica: Paler and grayer than males 

 in the same plumage; this plumage may be represented by specimens 

 420625, 262239, and 258364. The females of both of the following 

 races are similar to the adult males in breeding plumage: H. u. 

 aZmae may be represented by 242895, 269731, 367532, and 7170 (ing). 

 swainsoni is represented by 348507, 382046, 425094, and 6836 (ing). 



Subadult females in breeding plumage: Hylocichla ustulata ustulata 

 and H. u. oedica: None seen. Specimens of almae are similar to adults 

 but with slight reddish wash to the upperparts. They may be repre- 

 sented by the Brownish Olive of Ridgway, and are paler, less satu- 

 rated than fall subadults females. Specimens of swainsoni in sub- 

 adult female breeding plumage are more reddish above than adults 

 but considerably paler than first-year males which are extremely 

 dark in this plumage; specimens selected at random are 382042, 

 382049, and 397075. 



