406 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. lu 



3b. Depth of body about 2.9 in standard length; small scales surround 

 large scales on check, separating the rows and adjacent scales within 

 rows; no small dark spots visible on head or anteriorly on body; 

 about 9 shghtly irregular dark bars on body; ventral half of body with 

 pale lines following scale rows (Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands). 



typee, new species 



2b. Tenth dorsal spine noticeably longer than ninth spine; lateral-line scales 



48 to 51; numerous small dark spots on body, but none on head (central 



Pacific, excluding Hawaii, and Cocos-Keeling Islands). . hemistictus 



lb. Second pectoral ray unbranched; no scales on snout anterior to nostrils; a 



prominent elongate solid or U-shaped mark extending diagonally upward 



from hind edge of eye. 



4a. Three dark-edged pale transverse bands on interopercle; postocular mark 



not black within U-shaped border; a lengthwise pale band lacking a 



dark border often present on body; lateral -line scales 45 to 50 (Indo- 



Pacific) arcatus 



4b. No transverse bands on interopercle; postocular mark dark brown or black 



within U-shaped border; if a lengthwise pale band is present on body, 



it is broadly bordered with black; lateral -line scales 48 to 52. 



5a. Body uniformly pale or pale with faint lengthwise brown lines following 



scale rows; lower border of postocular mark does not extend to and 



beyond lower edge of eye; no dark-edged white spots anteriorly on 



snout; no markings on maxillary; no white spot in vicinity of anterior 



nostril. 



6a. Posterior margin of caudal fin rounded; postocular mark broader than 



pupil and originating above center of hind edge of eye; color of body 



in life orange-red (after Bleeker) (East Indies) . . . amblycephalus 



6b. Posterior margin of caudal fin straight; postocular mark narrower than 



pupil and originating at or below center of hind edge of eye; color in 



life bright yellow (Society and Tuamotu Islands, and Caroline Atoll) . 



xanthus, new species 



5b. Body not uniformly pale; lower border of postocular spot extends past 



lower edge of eye almost to upper lip; a pair of dark-edged white spots 



anteriorly on snout near upper lip; 1 or more small markings on 



maxillary; anterior nostril nearly enclosed in a white spot. 



7a. Body light brown; a lengthwise pale band, broadly bordered with 



black (except anteriorly), enclosing posterior part of lateral line and 



running from beneath rear of spinous portion of dorsal fin to middle 



of caudal fin; upper margin of preopercle smooth or with only a few 



small serrations (Tuamotu Archipelago) .... nisus, new species 



7b. Bod}' dark brown except caudal peduncle and extreme ventral portion 



of body posterior to insertion of pelvic fins which are pale yellowish; 



no lengthwise pale band on body; upper margin of preopercle finely 



serrate (Caroline Atoll) bicolor, new species 



Paracirrhit.es forsteri (Schneider) 



Figure 9 

 Grammistes forsteri Schneider, zn Blochand Schneider, 1801, Systema ichthyolog- 



iae , . . , p. 191 (type locality, St. Christine = Tahuata, Marquesas Islands). 

 Sparus pantherinus Lac^pede, 1802, Histoire naturelle des poissons, vol. 4, p. 160, 



pi. 6, lower figure (no locality). 

 Gerranus tankervillae Bennett, 1834, A selection of the fishes . . . Ceylon, ed. 2, 



p. 27, pi. 27 (type locahty, Ceylon). 



