REVISION OF BORARIA AND GYALOSTETHUS — HOFFMAN 345 



North Carolina: Madison County: wooded ravine along U.S. 

 Highway 70, west side of Walnut Gap, July 22, 1961, Icf, Hoffman, 

 Wilkes County: Brushy Mountains, 1 mile S. of Oakwood, April 5, 

 1952 39, Hubricht. 



Tennessee: Cocke County: English Creek at Carson's Spring, near 

 Newport, April 17, 1946, 1 cf , M. Wright. Greene County: Tusculmn 

 College, near Greeneville, March 12, 1946, Icf, Wright. Hawkins 

 County: 4.3 miles NE. of Sm-goinsville, May 19, 1956, 1 d", Hoffman, 

 Keeton, and Lund. Jefferson County: Strawberry Plains, 1887, 

 2 9, J. C. Branner [USNM]. Marion County: mountainside just W. 

 of Ketner Gap, May 22, 1961, Icf, Hubricht. Roane County: 

 Clinch River bluff at Harriman, May 21, 1961, Icf, Hubricht. 

 Sequatchie County: 5.4 miles S. of Dunlap, April 3, 1960, Icf, 

 Hubricht. 



Virginia: Giles Comity: sinkhole along U.S. Highway 460, 2 miles 

 W. of Newport, Nov. 2, 1953, Id", Hubricht and Hoffman. 

 Grayson County: east side of Mount Rogers, ca. 5000', May 10, 1957, 

 Icf, R. Highton and Hoffman. Montgomery County: 5 miles NE. 

 of Blacksburg, Sept. 17, 1957, Icf, 19, Hoffman; Prices Fork, April 

 1962, Icf, Hoffman. 



The species has also been recorded, under the name Boraria monti- 

 colens, from Gatlinburg, Sevier Co., Tenn. (Chamberlin, 1951). 



Relationships 



The relationships of the two genera treated in this paper cannot be 

 established with any degree of precision at the present. Boraria 

 seems without doubt to have a close relative in the Mexican genus 

 Acentronus — of which, unfortunately, I have not seen representatives — 

 and doubtless also with the large genus Rhysodesmus. I think that 

 in the past there must have been a continuous distribution between 

 tropical Mexico and the southern Appalachians linking the three 

 genera mentioned. There is, in fact, a remnant of such a continuum 

 still extant in the Ozark region, a rhysodesmine species named 

 Cibularia prqfuga. 



Other genera of the Rhysodesmini represented in the eastern 

 United States (such as Cherokia, Pleuroloma, and Erdelyia) are quite 

 distinct among themselves and have little relationships to the Boraria- 

 Acenironus-Rhysodesmus complex. 



Gyalostethus is unquestionably a specialized genus endemic to the 

 eastern United States. In most characters it seems more similar to 

 the species of Cruzodesmus and Cibularia than to Boraria and, as 

 previously observed, probably has little close affinity to Boraria. 



