BREEDING TUBERCLES EST FISHES COLLETTE 603 



Subgenus Psychromaster Jordan and Evermann 



No tubercles are present on the available material of E. tuscumhia 

 Gilbert and Swain. Three males (USNAI 125096, Alabama, Tennessee 

 R., 36-38 mm.) which were apparently taken in the spring, although 

 the date is unlaiown, have greatly enlarged testes and no tubercles. 

 A 41 mm. female in this collection is filled with moderate-sized eggs. 

 Males in a large collection taken on May 26 (UMMZ 104244, Alabama, 

 Wheeler Reservou") have the testes onl^^ slightly enlarged; the females 

 are filled with large eggs. 



The second species in this subgenus, E. trisella Bailey and Richards, 

 is known only from the juvenile holotype. 



Subgenus Catonotus Agassiz 



This subgenus is composed of five described species: flabellare 

 Rafinesque, kennicotti (Putnam), obeyense Kii^sch, squamiceps Jordan, 

 and virgatum (Jordan), plus several undescribed forms. All the 

 species appear to be nontuberculate. The subgenus may, however, 

 be divided into two species groups on the basis of another sexually 

 dimorphic character. Both sexes of E. kennicotti and the males of 

 E. flabellare and E. squamiceps liave cream-colored, fleshy bulbs at 

 the tips of the spines in the first dorsal fin. The tips of the dorsal 

 spines in flabellare, and to a much lesser extent in kennicotti, are 

 modified into a Y-shaped fork which supports the fleshy bulbs. 

 These fleshy tips are essentially absent in both sexes of E. obeyense 

 and virgatum, although small incipient bulbs are occasionally visible. 

 Males of all species are darker than females, especially the pelvic, anal, 

 and first dorsal fins, head, breast, and bell3^ Winn (1958b, p. 172) 

 reported that males of E. flabellare were larger than females, had larger 

 anal, pectoral, and pelvic fins, and lacked breeding tubercles. E. 

 flabellare has a complex mating behavior which culminates in a pair 

 spawning head to tail upside down underneath a rock (Lake, 1936, 

 fig. 1; Winn, 1958a; 1958b, fig. 5). 



Subgenus Hololepis Agassiz 



This subgenus consists of six species: serriferum (Hubbs and 

 Cannon); gracile (Girard); zonijerum (Hubbs and C^iXiuon); jiisiforme 

 (Girard), with two subspecies; saludae (Hubbs and Cannon); and 

 collis (Hubbs and Cannon), with two subspecies (CoUette, 1962). 

 Males of all species of Hololepis have tubercles on the anal rays and 

 on the undersides of the pelvic fin rays. Males are generally darker 

 than females, especially their dorsal, anal, and pelvic fins, and the 

 venter. Females are larger than males or of about equal size. Males 



