BREEDING TUBERCLES IN FISHES — COLLETTE 



609 



but this may not be an indication of close relationship. The spectabile 

 group consists of nine species, all of which have tubercles on the anal 

 fins of males. All but E. parvipinne and E. fricksium of this group 

 have tubercles on the ventral scales and the pelvic fins. E. punctula- 

 turn, E. luteomnctum, and E. spectabile also have additional tubercles on 

 the lower part of the caudal fin and E. spectabile even has tubercles 

 on the pectoral fin. Probably most of the remaining eight species are 

 nontuberculate. 



Both species of the subgenus Villora lack breeding tubercles, further 

 indicating that Villora is probably an offshoot of the nontuberculate 

 group of Oligocephalus, perhaps from somewhere near E. swaini and 

 E. asprigene, and consequently it was removed from synonymy with 

 Hololepis (CoUette and Yerger, 1962). 



The presence of breeding tubercles on the anal and pelvic fins of the 

 species in the subgenus Hololepis shows its close relationships with 

 the subgenus Microperca and not with Villora (Collette, 1962). The 

 presence of tubercles on the chin of E. gracile and E. zoniferum confirms 

 other e^^dence that these two species of Hololepis are especially closely 

 related (Collette, 1962). 



Thus, the patterns of breeding tubercles confirm the close relation- 

 ships within many subgenera and species groups of the Percidae and 

 indicate that several other groups may need rearranging. 



Checklist 



acerina, 575 



acuiicepis, 594 



Allohistium, subgenus, 571, 594, 608 



Alvordius, subgenus, 570, 576, 607 



Ammocrypta, 570, 575, 582, 607 



Ammocrypta, subgenus, 570, 582, 607 



anomahwi,574: 



asper, 570, 572, 573 



asprella, 570, 582 



asprigene, 571, 595, 601, 602, 609 



atripinne, 593 



auraniiaca, 575, 576 



australe, 602 



Austroperca, subgenus, 571, 602, 608 



barratti, subspecies, 604, 605 



beunii, 570, 582, 583 



hinotatum, subspecies, 598 



Uennioides, 571, 588, 592, 593 



blennius, 571, 588, 591, 593, 608 



Boleosoma, subgenus, 570, 575, 583, 



584, 587, 608 

 caeruleum, 571, 587, 595, 597 

 Camposloma, 574 

 camurum, 594 

 canadense, 569 



caprodes, 570, 577-579, 605, 606 



caprodes, subspecies, 578 



carbonaria, subspecies, 577, 578 



Catonolus, subgenus, 571, 603, 608 



Catostomidae, 567 



cernua, 574, 575 



chlorosomum, 570, 584, 585, 608 



cinereum, 594 



dara, 570, 582, 583, 607 



collis, 568, 571, 603, 604 



collis, subspecies, 604 



coosae, 593 



copelandi, 582 



Coitogaster, subgenus, 570, 582, 607 



cragini, 568, 571, 595, 597, 599 



crassa, 570, 578 



Crystallaria, subgenus, 570, 582, 607 



cyanorum, subspecies, 596 



cymatotaenia, 575, 576 



Cypinidae, 567, 579 



demidoffi, 575 



duryi, 593 



edwini, 602 



Ericosma, subgenus, 570, 575, 578, 607 



Etheostoma, 570, 575, 583, 595, 607, 60S 



