584 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. ng 



forewing in form of spots; hindwing with internal spots separate or 

 confluent {dictyanthes Meyrick; buckleyi Druce). 



4. Markings of wings greenish blue; costal spots of forewing less 

 numerous than in three preceding groups; two very broad, transverse 

 bands, and a large spot in external portion of forewing; hindwing with 

 internal spots confluent or separate (cantharopa Meyrick; analoga, 

 new species). 



Remarks. — There are no field or other observations on the living 

 moths of the genus Pseudatteria, and no information is yet present 

 about the natural enemies of these insects. Consequently nothing 

 is known about the biological significance of the bright colors of the 

 moths in question, and any treatment of these colors as being sematic 

 would be based merely on pure speculation. Nevertheless, it is 

 important to emphasize that the Pseudatteria species have their 

 analogies among Neotropical Lepidoptera belonging to different 

 families. This resemblance is in some cases so deceiving that it may 

 mislead (and already has misled) taxonomists and cause misinterpre- 

 tations of the systematic position of moths (see Appendix at the end 

 of this paper) . If the resemblance of the Pseiidatieria species to those 

 of two other tortricid genera, Atteria and Idolatteria, might in some way 

 be explained by the law of homologous series in variation (Vavilov, 

 1922), this explanation appears hardly applicable to the cases of a 

 remote relationship. For instance, many species of the oecophorid 

 genus Eumimographe Dognin have not only the color but also the 

 details of the wing markings of at least three pattern types as they have 

 been observed in the genus Pseudatteria. Only the sizes of the moths, 

 shapes of the wings, and other morphological details disclose the 

 diflerent family membership of these species. The zygaenid species 

 Euclimacia tortricalis Druce exactly reproduces the color and wing 

 markings of Pseudatteria volcanica or some other species of the pattern 

 group 1. The above resemblance is in no way less complete than in 

 the classical examples of mimicry of some South American Rhopaloc- 

 era. It should be mentioned that the Psendatieria species and their 

 analogues, which belong to other families of the Lepidoptera, inhabit 

 the same localities in many cases. 



Chronologically Meyrick (1912) was the first to introduce the 

 generic name Pseudatteria in the literature, crediting this name to 

 Walsingham, and wi'iting ''Pseudatteria Wals. Biol. Centr. Amer. 4 

 (ined.)." In his catalogue of the Tortricidae, in which the above 

 quotation was published, Meyrick did not establish any new genus, 

 and there is no reason to suppose that he intended to make an excep- 

 tion for Pseudatteria. Later, Meyrick ("15th March 1913") gave 

 a description of this genus and named volcanica Butler, one of the 

 Pseudatteria species of his above catalogue, as its type species. He 



