26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 119 



Sphyrna tudcs Mtiller and Henle, 1841, p. 53. (In part; identification from 

 reference to Valencennes, 1822.) 



ISphijrna chiereghini Nardo, 1847, p. 111. (Name only.) 



Sphyrnias mokarran Gray, 1851, p. 50. (In part; identification by reference to 

 Valenciennes, 1822.) 



Sphyrnias tudes Gray, 1851, p. 50. (In part; identification by reference to Valen- 

 ciennes, 1822.) 



Cestracion (Zygaena) mokarran Dum^ril, 1865, p. 383. (Compiled.) 



Cestracion (Zygaena) tudes Dumeril, 1865, p. 384. (In part; description from 

 Valenciennes, 1822.) 



Squalus zygaena (misidentification) de la Blanchere, 1868, p. 499. (Teeth de- 

 scribed as "dentelees.") 



Cestracion tudes Ninni, 1872, p. 10. (Not seen.) 



Cestracion mokarran Bleeker, 1873, p. 115. (Chinese drawing.) 



Zygaena dissimilis Mm-ray, 1887, p. 103. (Original description; type locality, 

 Kurrachee.) 



Sphyrna (Platysquabis) tudes Jordan and Evermann, 1896, p. 217. (Name; 

 West Indies and Mediterranean; references to specimens from Gulf of 

 California and Indian Ocean perhaps do not pertain to this species.) 



Cestracion zygaena (misidentification) Radcliffe, 1916, p. 263. (Identification 

 by description of teeth in illustration as serrate; specimens 12 ft., 6 in. 

 long; Beaufort, N.C.) 



Sphyrna zygaena (misidentification in part) Coles, 1919, p. 41. (Identification 

 by shape of head in photo, of 13 ft., 10 in. female; Cape Lookout, N.C.) 



Platysqualus tudes Howell-Rivero, 1936, p. 44. (Identification probable because 

 of large size, 12 to 14 ft.; Cuba.) 



Sphyrna lewini (misidentification in part) Fowler, 1941, p. 215. (Figure of S. 

 mokarran incorrectly labelled S. lewini.) 



Sphyrna ligo Fraser-Brunner, 1950, pp. 213-219. (Original description; figure; 

 holotype, an embryo, BMNH 1890.9.23.231; type locality, Clarence River, 

 New South Wales, Australia; radiograph of head seen.) 



Specimens examined. — (Range in size: 435-675 mm. TL; heads 

 of larger specimens also examined). Atlantic Ocean: Senegal: (pho- 

 tograph seen), Goree. United States (Florida): USNM 106543 (1), 

 USNM 108453 (1), USNM 108454 (1), FMNH 63092 (1), MCZ 

 35247 (1), SU 14330 (1), Englewood; FMNH 530, Captiva Pass; 

 USNM 186087 (2), 25°56' N., 81°47' W. 



Pacific Ocean: Australia: USNM 40014 (1), USNM 40026 (1), 

 MCZ 969 (1), Richmond River, New South Wales; BMNH 1890.9.23. 

 231 (x-ray of head of holotype of Sphyrna ligo), Clarence River, 

 New South Wales. India: USNM 12622 (1), Madras. Mexico: 

 USNM 29645 (1), USNM 37162 (1), Mazatlan; UCLA 52-252 (1), 

 Bahia Almejas, Isla Santa Margarita, Baja California. 



Nomenclature. — Zygaena mokarran was described by Riippell 

 (1835, pp. 66-67, pi. 17, fig. 3) from the Red Sea, at Massaua. The 

 illustration (pi. 2), though inaccurate in certain details, particularly 

 the conformation of the fins, is readily identified by the shape of 

 the head. In addition, the type specimen (Senckenberg Museum 

 no. 3590) has been illustrated recently by Klausewitz (1960, p. 293). 



