10 PROCEEDINGS OP THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol. 121 



with pectinate blade, with 1-2 subterminal setalike or palplike proc- 

 esses, Maxilliped with or without claw. Thoracic legs 1-4 bira- 

 moiis, first with 2- or 3-segmented rami; second to foui'th with 3- 

 segmented rami. Fifth legs uniramoiis, 2-segmented; sixth legs 

 setiform or lacking. 



Remarks. — Anchistrotos is quite similar to Taeniacanthus; the only 

 consistent difference appears to be that the length of the caudal rami 

 of Anchistrotos is shorter than that of Taeniacanthus. The variation in 

 this characteristic, however, is such that no distinct relationship can 

 be stated. Yamaguti (1963) uses the presence of a "rostral projec- 

 tion at center of frontal margin" as a key characteristic to separate 

 Anchistrotos from the remaining taeniacanthins, but this projection 

 is not present in A. occidentalis Wilson, 1924, and is not apparent from 

 the figures of several other species of the genus. Additionally, the 

 frontal region of members of Anchistrotos and Taeniacanthus is similar. 

 Wilson (1911a, p. 387) states that "the three basal joints [of the anten- 

 nule are] thoroughly fused . . . " in the diagnosis of the genus 

 Taeniacanthus. If this characteristic had been used in later descrip- 

 tions (e.g., Taeniacanthus sebastichthydis Yamaguti, 1939a), it woidd 

 have provided a better means of separating the two genera. 



The following species is included in the genus Anchistrotos because 

 it does have a slight rostral projection, the caudal rami are "short," 

 the proximal 3 segments of the antennule are not fused, and, in 

 general, the other characteristics most closely approximate those of 

 the species previously described for the genus. 



Anchistrotos nioa, new species 



Figures 4, 5 



Material. — Two adult, nonovigerous females (holotype, USNM 

 112866; paratype, USNM 112868) from a specimen of Ostracion 

 lentiginosus captured at Rabbit Island, adjacent to Oahu, Hawaii. 

 Two adult nonovigerous females (paratypes, USNM 112867) col- 

 lected from a second specmien of 0. lentiginosus captured at Rabbit 

 Island. All 4 specimens were given to the author without information 

 concerning their location on the host. 



Measurement. — (In mm) 4 females : 



Greatest length, excluding caudal setae 



Length of prosome 



Width of prosome 



Length of cephalothorax 



Length of genital segment 



Width of genital segment 



Length of egg sac (1 sac) 



