ARCffEOLOGICAL INVESTTGATI0NS—BU8HNELL. 



645 



These we may assume to have been the pieces of stone wliich were 

 heated and placed in the large earthenware vessel containing the water 

 from the spring, the primitive method followed by the Indian in evap- 

 orating the water to secure the salt. No other kind of stone found in 

 this region would have served the purpose. Limestone and granite 



Fig. 1.— Map showing the position of the Salt Spring A and the mouth of the Saline. 



would have fractured if placed in fire, and the pieces of sandstone met 

 with on the site had been carried from a point several miles away. 

 Sandstone had been similarly used at the site near Kimmswick, 

 and there two pieces were discovered resting on the bottom of a large 

 "saltpan."^ 



1 Kimmswick is a small town on the Mississippi, in Jefferson County, Missouri, about 4 miles below the 

 mouth of the Meramec River. In the valley northwest of the town are many springs. About 1 J miles dis- 

 tant, near a spring, and rising above the left bank of a small stream, known as Rock Creek, was a level 

 tract of several acres. This area had been occupied for a long period by the Indians. During the autumn 

 of 1902 1 examined this site in the interest of the department of anthropology of the University of California 

 and the Peabody Museum, Harvard University. The work was described in two parts: Primitive Salt 

 Making in the Mississippi VaUey, I. Man, 13, London, 1907. II. Man, 35, London, 1908. 



Many references will be found on the following pages to the Kimmswick site as it possessed many features 

 similar to those encountered in the vicinity of the mouth of the Saline. 



