NO. 2042. ARCHEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS— BU8HNELL. 647 



The small branch, the bed of which is indicated on figure 3 between 

 the excavations A and C, appears to have formed its present channel 

 during comparatively recent years, otherwise the strata of ashes and 

 pottery would not have been continuous on both sides. Many fire 

 beds, masses of ashes, and accumulations of broken pottery, appear at 

 different levels along the sides of the channel. 



An excavation was made at the edge of the shghtly elevated 

 portion of the site, D (fig. 2), exposing a bank of ashes and charcoal, 

 and two fire beds are distinctly visible at different levels. A frag- 

 ment of pottery was met with near the lowest part of the excavation, 

 but no traces of Indian occupancy were discovered in contact with the 

 fire beds, it is therefore quite evident the ashes accumulated during 

 the days the site was occupied by the whites. Several trenches were 

 made a short distance from the right bank of the branch, dii'ectly 

 east from the spring. These revealed accumulations of camp refuse, 

 including ashes and charcoal, fragments of animal bones and pieces 

 of broken pottery. This probably continued to the bank of the 



Fig. 3.— Section theough A-B on Fig. 2. The dotted line indicates approximately the 

 oeiglnal surface. above this une is the accumulation of ashes, charcoal, fragments 

 of pottery, etc. 



Saline, and here was evidently a village or camp site. Just across 

 the Saline was the site of the principal village; this will be men- 

 tioned later. 



About 100 yards south of the salt spring the natural surface be- 

 comes more elevated and rises from a marshy tract on the west. 

 This area is B on map (fig. 1). Several trenches dug along the 

 northern extremity of the plateau revealed signs of Indian occu- 

 pancy. At two points were numerous fragments of large earthen- 

 ware vessels. These were not associated with refuse, as was those 

 found nearer the spring, but appeared to have been used and aban- 

 doned here. They were probably broken, and some parts scattered, 

 before the accumulation of the ashes and vegetable mold which now 

 covers them to a depth of about 18 inches, was formed. Animal 

 bones, a few chips of chert, and fragments of small pottery vessels, 

 were intermingled in the mass surrounding and covering the parts 

 of the large "pans." All fragments of large vessels discovered at 

 this point were smooth on both the outer and inner surfaces — in 



