NO. 2171. SYNOPSIS OF THE COCCINELLID LARVAE— BOVING. 627 



merits, but is here easily recognized by the double chitinization, into 

 which the condyle of the coxa fits; the anterior portion of this chitini- 

 zation is located at the end of a lateral armlike extension from eu- 

 sternum in front of coxa; the abdominal parasternum (past, fig. 3) is 

 large; the eusternum (eust, fig. 3) is separated from the sternellum 

 (stl, fig. 3) by a transverse suture, which in thorax contains the furcal 

 notches (fn, fig. 3); sternellum is approximately trapezoidal, pos- 

 teriorly defined by a curved line through the unpaired ventral notch 

 (vn, fig. 3) in the middle fine of the body. 



Between the head and the thorax is a broad, fleshy collar; the ven- 

 tral side of tliis coUar contains a median area (mea, fig. 3) in wliich is 

 found a small unpaired chitinization; on either side of this area is a 

 triangular area (ta, fig. 3) ; this latter area is correspondingly devel- 

 oped along the anterior margin of the sternum of meso- and meta- 

 thorax, but is rudimentary on the abdominal segments; it is consid- 

 ered a lateral presternum (prst, fig. 3) ; in front of it on meso- 

 and metathorax is a median notch-bearing area, the morphological 

 nature of which can be decided only by a thorough study of the mus- 

 cles, for which the available material is not in proper condition; this 

 area (fig. 3) may, for the present, with equal right be regarded as a 

 separate piece of the preceding sternellum, as a special posterior ster- 

 nal area, as a median part of presternum, or as a special area, homol- 

 ogous with the median area (mea) of the coUar. It is possible that the 

 areas containing the large, repugnatorial glands (hg, fig. 1) may be inter- 

 preted as remains of the intersegmental sldn, which otherwise can only 

 be traced on the abdomen as a line. The tenth abdominal (10 ahd, 

 fig. 3) or anal segment is bent downwards, so that the ventral portion 

 becomes anterior and the dorsal posterior; the anterior portion is a 

 little smaller than the posterior and the latter is divided by a wedge- 

 shaped depression ; anus is central. 



Legs are well developed; the base of coxa (cox, fig. 3) is large and 

 obHque. The general form and relative size of the trochanter (tro), 

 femur (fe) , tibia (tih) and tarsus (tars) can be gathered from figures 1 

 and 3. The claw-shaped tarsus is rather small, curved, pointed with 

 rounded heel; it is surrounded by peculiar club-shaped setae situated 

 on the end of the tibia. 



The spiracles (sp., figs. 1 and 5) are all of the same size, ring-shaped 

 and, what is especially noteworthy, placed dorsally both on the tho- 

 racic and on the abdominal segments. The rudimentary metathoracic 

 spiracle is represented by a minute chitinous dot. The atrium is not 

 developed and there are no hairs in the spiracular openmg; the clos- 

 ing mechanism is two-armed; beneath the base of the one arm (arm, 

 fig. 5) the tracheal wall is invaginated into a soft-walled cushion, 

 slightly chitinized only on the upper surface; by the contraction of 

 the closing muscle these underlying portions of the tracheal wall are 



