NO. 2176. NOTES ON VIRGINIA ORTHOPTERA—FOX. 203 



tral types is a small number of Appalachian forms. Of the latter the 

 only representatives that are at all common are sprmg or early smn- 

 mer species, such as Melanoplus confusus and PardalopJiora apiculata, 

 or widely distributed forms, which, nevertheless appear to have their 

 stronghold in the Appalachian region, such as Melamoplus femur- 

 rubrum. 



The Blue Ridge has not been sufficiently studied to enable us to 

 form an adequate idea of its Orthoptoran fauna, but so far the follow- 

 ing Appalachian species have been obtained at the two locahties 

 visited: 



Melanoplus confusus. 

 Melanoplus bivittatus. 

 Melanoplus luridus. 

 A mblycorypha ro t undifo Ha . 



Orphulella speciosa. 

 Chloealtis conspersa. 

 Fardalophora apiculata. 

 Spliaragemon saxatile. 

 Melanoplus celatus. 



With these are associated the following Austral forms: 



Dichromorpha viridls. Melanoplus atlanis. 



Fardalophora phoenicoptcra. Paroxya clavuliger. 



Hippiscus rugostis. 



The localities in the State where collections or observations were 

 made include the following: 



COASTAL PLAIN. 



Norfolk, Portsmouth, Churchland, Gilmerton, and Deep Creek, 

 Norfolk Comity, and Deanes, Nansemond County, August 8-10, Sep- 

 tember 15 to October's, 1914; April 17-19, May 31, July 11, 1915. 

 Altitude 10 to 20 feet. Country a nearly flat plam intersected by 

 numerous tidal inlets and "branches." Soils prevailingly sands or 

 sandy loams of fuie texture. 



Virginia Beach, Princess Anne Coimty, August 9, September 20, 

 1914. Altitude, 20 feet. A typical beach of coarse beach sand, back 

 of wliich are low dunes bordered on the landward side by higher, roll- 

 ing fixed dunes occupied by loblolly pine and other trees, these merg- 

 ing into the ordmary inland region. 



Cape Henry, Princess Anno County, .September 20, 27, 1914. Alti- 

 tude, 50 feet. Region essentially like the preceding, but with Iiigher 

 sand dunes. 



Franklin, Southampton County, September 18, November 5, 1914. 

 Altitude, about 60 feet. Topography flat to gently rolling. Soils 

 sandy loams of fine texture. 



Tappahannock, Essex County, November 9-12, 1914; April 20 to 

 May 4, May 26 to October 24, 1915. Altitude, about 50 feet. Topog- 

 raphy consisting of nearly flat plains bordering river (Columbia 

 fomiation) and level to locally rugged uplands. Soils variable, but 

 usually sandy and of fine texture, frequently silty; rarely coarse or 

 gi'avelly. 



