212 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL HIUSEUM. vol. 56. 



anal rays, the scales 60, and the large second anal ray striate. The 

 latter gives its color as uniform brown with a blue-black spot on 

 each scale, fins blackish and deeper on soft parts, pectoral paler, 

 ventrals yellowish basally and blackish at tips. Giinther gives ^ the 

 dorsal rays 15 and the anal 7, and the lateral line 80, also color uni- 

 form brown with dorsal edge more or less distinctly blackish. As 

 these writers place it in Pristij^omu, the inference is it possesses the 

 central groove below the chin, not found in the above examples. 



PAGELLUS MORMYRUS (Linnaeus). 



Head, 2f to 3^^; depth, 2f to 2|; D. XI or XII, 11, i or 12, i; A. 

 Ill, 10, i; scales 58 to 60 in lateral line to caudal base and 6 to 8 

 more on latter; 5 scales above lateral Ime to soft dorsal origin, 12 

 below to spinous anal; snout, 2 J to 2^; eye, 4^ to 5; maxillary, 2f to 

 3; interorbital, 3f to 3|. Upper molars in 4 rows and row next to 

 innermost of largest size. Lower molars in 3 rows in front, but me- 

 dian row becomes inner behind, where of larger size. Cheeks with 

 five rows of scales. Trunk with seven narrow brownish cross bars 

 on sides. Three examples, 134 to 219 mm. ; one from Loando (p. 284). 



Compared with the largest example one from Messina, Italy, of 

 about the same size, shows a longer snout, or eye about 2f in snout, 

 compared with 2| or less in the Cape de Verde material. The Mes- 

 sina example with maxillary not reachmg much beyond front nostril, 

 while in the Cape de Verde reaching hind nostril. The former w4th 

 10 + 16 rakers and between each dark vertical bar on the back 

 another midway, but fainter and not extending as far below. Scales 

 of all with 9 or 10 basal striae. 



LETHRINUS ATLANTIC US Valendennee. 



Head, 2f ; depth, 2|; D. X, 9, i; A. Ill, 7, i; P. ii, 11; scales 45 in 

 lateral line to caudal base, 5 above to soft dorsal origin, and 14 below 

 to spinous anal origin; 9 predorsal scales; snout, If in head; eye, 4^; 

 maxillary, 2|; interorbital, 4|. Body deep, well compressed, back 

 moderately elevated. Caudal peduncle well compressed, least depth 

 1^ its length, or 3^ in head. Head pointed, well compressed, width 

 2} its length, sides flattened, upper profile slightly concave near snout 

 end and above eye. Eye rounded, elevated, front edge about mid- 

 way in head length. Mouth large, nearly horizontal, jaws about 

 even. Lips thick, tough, moderately wide. Bands of vUliform 

 teeth hi jaws, with outer row strongly conic formed as pair of canines 

 in front of each jaw, nine molar behind. No teeth on mouth roof. 

 Maxillary to front nostril, which slightly over half of eye length 

 before and nearly level with lower eye edge. Hind nostril larger 

 above and nearer eye. Interorbital broadly convex. Preopercle 



» Cat. Fish Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p. 302. Madeira and St. Vincent. 



