r NO. 2294. 



FISHES FROM WEST AFRICA— FOWLER. 



281 



moderate, advanced, elevated, and hind pupil edge about midway in 

 head length measured from upper jaw. Mouth oblique, gape nearly 

 straight, and mandible well protruded. Lips fleshy, somewhat 

 narrow. Maxillary to eye and upper edge not entirely slipping 

 below preorbital, terminal expansion 2 in eye. Short oblique groove 

 down from behind hind maxillary end when mouth closes. Teeth 

 small, sharp pointed, uniserial largely, though at least two rows in 

 front of each jaw. Bands of similar teeth on vomer and palatines. 

 Tongue long, rather slender, free and round in front, with two elongate 

 patches of minute simple teeth. Mandibular rami well elevated 

 inside mouth. Nostrils together, similar, or hind one but slightly 

 larger, fall at last third in snout. Interorbital broadly convex, 

 median keel rising close behind hind nostril and extends to spinous 

 dorsal. Opercle with few striae above and forward. 



Fig. 13.— Caranx angolensis. 



Gill-opening extends forward about midway in space between hind 

 nostril and front e^^e edge. Rakers, 16 + 37, slender, lanceolate, 

 slightly longer than filaments, or three-fifths of eye. Pseudo- 

 branchiae nearly two-fifths of eye. Isthmus long narrow triangle, 

 each edge slightly raised. 



Scales very caducous, v/ith moderate concentric circuli. Head 

 largely scaly; snout, mandible, and lips naked. Spinous dorsal with 

 low basal scaly sheath, and front of soft dorsal and anal each with 

 scaly basal sheath. Caudal base scaled, also pectoral base. Straight 

 portion of lateral line begins after elevated dorsal rays. Scutes 

 moderate, deepest 5 in greatest body depth. 



Spinous dorsal small; slender spines pungent; third longest, with 

 second and fifth subequal, depressible in a groove and reaching soft 

 dorsal origin. Spinous dorsal inserted about over first fifth in 

 pectoral length, or nearly midway between eye center and depressed 

 pectoral tip. Soft dorsal inserted nearly over last fifth in depressed 

 pectoral, or nearly midway between hind nostril and caudal base. 



