2 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL, MUSEUM. vol. 65. 



nutant, no coUum, foramen occipitale posterior. Second and third 

 pairs of mouthparts retracted, with large, plicate, moderately con- 

 vex maxillary articulating area. Clypeus distinctly separated. 

 Labrum large, (nearly) covering the mandibles. Antenna inserted 

 behind mandible, lateral, hardly longer than mandible, triarticulate ; 

 membrane connecting antenna with acetabulum protruding, joint- 

 like. Mandible with molar part robust, cutting part bi-ortridentate, 

 ventrally excavate. Maxilla covered by mandible; cardo large, tri- 

 angular; stipes well developed, broad; cardo and stipes connected 

 with submentum by maxillary articulating area; maxillary mala 

 single, obtuse (or acute), pectinate; maxillary palpus not much 

 longer than mala, triarticulate, with annular basal membrane. 

 Labial palpus short, conical, biarticulate ; stipites labii concrete. 

 Mentum large, (normally) barrel-shaped, free; submentum large, 

 trapezoidal, connected with maxillary articulating area. Gula 

 simple, (normally) quadrangular. Ligula small (acute or obtusely 

 pointed), bispinose (or multispinose). Abdomen prolonged, ninth 

 segment terminal with pygidium extending over anal segment. Anal 

 segment short, (sometimes) with two projecting and retractile 

 ambulatory warts (verrucae). Spiracles annular, open, with a single 

 respiratory slit. 



Subfamily Tenebrioninae. 



The family Tenebrionidae is divided by modern systematists into 

 a great many subfamilies; Leng's catalogue of North American 

 species records 22 subfamilies. Investigation of the larvae seems 

 to substantiate the correctness of this classification, which is based 

 entirely on characters from the adults. However, the three main 

 sections into which Schiodte divides the larvae can be considered 

 only to a limited extent equivalent to three series of our subfamilies. 

 Thus his first main section corresponds roughly to the subfamilies 

 Scaurinae, Blaptinae, and Opatrinae; his third main section is 

 equivalent to the subfamily Alleculinae; while his second main sec- 

 tion represents at least five subfamilies. Among these is the sub- 

 family Tenebrioninae (created by Gebien, 1910), with which the 

 present paper is particularly concerned. 



The Tenebrioninae are represented in Schiodte's work by only 

 one genus, namely, Teneh?^, but in the National Collection there are 

 some 13 genera referable to the subfamily and the representation in 

 our collection of the other Tenebrionid subfamilies has increased 

 proportionally. It is therefore obvious that Schiodte's group char- 

 acterizations are no longer adequate, and in this paper the writer is 

 attempting the needed recharacterization only of the subfamily 

 Tenebrioninae. The other subfamilies, however, have been studied 

 as far as available larval material permitted. 



