AKT. 17. LARVAE OF HOLARCTIO TIGER-BEETLES HAMILTON. 49 



fronto-clypeo-labral area as long as broad; U-shaped ridge on caudal 

 part of frons bearing three setae; antenna with the proximal seg- 

 ment subequal in length to the second, the third two-thirds and the 

 distal one-half the length of the second, the proximal segment with 

 five or six setae and the second with ten to twelve; maxilla with the 

 proximal segment of the galea bearing three setae on its mesal 

 margin, maxillary palpus three-segmented; ligula with four fine 

 setae arranged in a transverse row at the ventro-distal end, proximal 

 segment of labial palpus with three spine-like projections on the 

 ventro-distal margin and with two setae on each side of these spines, 

 the proximal segment with four setae and the distal segment with 

 one. 



Thorax. — Pronotum with the cephalo-lateral angles extending 

 almost as far cephalad as the mesal portion, lateral margins carinate, 

 primary setae large and prominent, secondary setae small, not more 

 than fifty in number, and with a row on each side of the meson 

 (fig. 75). 



Abdomen. — Chitinized areas distinct, most of the secondary setae 

 short, fine, and numerous (fig. 112) ; ninth abdominal sternum with 

 the caudal margin bearing two groups of four setae each; median 

 hooks with three setae ; inner hooks usually with four setae but occa- 

 sionally with three, the spine-like projection one-third the length 

 of the hook (143). 



Measurements. — Length of larvae, 20 to 24 mm., width at the third 

 abdominal segment, 2.4 to 2.8 mm.; diameter of ocellus 2, 0.27 to 

 0.30 mm.; distance between ocelli 1 and 2, 0.27 to 0.30 mm.; length 

 of fronto-clypeo-labral area, 1.7 to 1.8 mm., width, 1.7 to 1.8 mm.; 

 length of pronotum, 1.7 to 2 mm., width, 2.8 to 3.2 mm. 



The life history of this species is similar to that of Cicindela 

 purpurea graminea. The adults appear later in the spring and 

 remain later in the summer. The eggs are laid and the larvae found 

 in dry sand which contains some humus. Along Lake Michigan, 

 near Chicago, the larvae were found further back than those of 

 Cicindela formosa generosa. They were found in the greatest abund- 

 ance where the oaks begin to displace the pines. 



CICINDELA CUPRASCENS MACRA LeConte. 



Figs. 153, 165, and 172. 



Shelford, first and second stages reared, third stage not reared, larvae 

 in the collection of the University of Illinois. 



Color. — Head and pronotum bright bronze with a faint green 

 and purple reflection, lateral margins of pronotum light yellow; 



