296 PEOCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM vol.83 



measurements taken in different directions. This is due to the warped 

 condition of most specimens and to a certain degree of crushing in at 

 least one direction. Simple measurements, while they may be 

 satisfactory in one direction, are in most cases approximate or only 

 estimated in a direction right angles to this. 



Superior dentition. — The incisor teeth are large and broad with 

 deep cups that persist with wear nearly as long as the enamel pattern 

 on the cheek teeth. The enamel on labial surface of the incisors 

 usually shows shallow grooves, and in the third incisor the enamel 

 on the lingual surface is generally interrupted in unworn or slightly 

 worn teeth in one or two places, about midsection and near the pos- 

 terior margin of the cup. At the midpoint the enamel is sometimes 

 infolded forming a ridge or spur extending down the inner wall of the 

 cup. Occasionally this spur is seen in the second incisor, as in no. 

 12543. I^ is further characterized by a prominent style along the 

 posterior margin of the column. 



The canine is present in nearly all adult individuals although 

 much reduced in the females. In the males the tooth is large with 

 the crown portion transversely compressed along the anterior and 

 posterior margins. The compressed portions are curved inward so 

 that the external surface of the tooth is evenly rounded and the lingual 

 surface shows two marginal valleys. 



The first premolar or "wolf tooth" is large and present in nearly 

 every specimen, including some of the most aged individuals, as in no. 

 12530. This tooth perhaps should be considered as belonging to the 

 deciduous series, as its eruption takes place with them although it 

 is not replaced, and in the case of the fossil material persists along 

 with the permanent teeth. In the unworn condition the tooth gen- 

 erally consists of a prominent central portion or cusp with a narrow 

 ridge extending anteriorly toward a subdued cusp or style and pos- 

 teriorly along the buccal side of the tooth to a conspicuous enlarge- 

 ment or cusp. In the larger of the teeth there is also generally a small 

 cuspule postero-internal to the central cusp and antero-internal to 

 the posterior cusp, and in wear apparently unites first with the pos- 

 terior cusp forming a deep reentrant extending postero-externally 

 from the lingual surface (fig. 21, no. 12543). The pattern in many 

 cases is complicated by other small reentrants and grooves around 

 the posterior cusp and lingually between the anterior style and central 

 cusp. 



The principal clieek teeth are well cemented and of large size with 

 the greatest width generally through the third premolar, occasionally 

 the fourth premolar is equally wide. The external styles are out- 

 standing but simple and in general noticeably compressed antero- 

 posteriorly, especially in the molar series. This is particularly true 

 of the mesostyles in most dentitions, except in P^ where this style may 



