In 1762, Linnaeus (Sp. Pl. [ed. 2] 1 (1762) 384) pub- 
lished Cassine Peragua tor an Old World concept. 
He cited several sources which indicate that the concept 
was unquestionably an Old World one. Although one 
of these sources (Hortus Cliffortianus (1737) 72) attrib- 
uted the plant both to the Cape of Good Hope and to 
Carolina, it is clear that it was not being confused with 
the concept now known as JIlea vomitoria which was 
discussed separately (loc. cit. 40) and was attributed to 
“Carolina A mericae.”” 
Cassine Peragua was published again by Linnaeus 
nine years later (Mant. 2 (1771) 220). In this second 
Linnaean publication, it referred not to the Old World 
concept of the earlier (1762) Cassine Peragua but to 
several different concepts. 
Linnaeus’ Cassine Peragua of 1771 has hitherto been 
considered by some taxonomists as a synonym of Ilex 
vomitoria, either wholly or in part. There has been much 
uncertainty as to the exact meaning of this name, be- 
‘ause, In the Linnaean Herbarium, there are two distinct 
American plants under the binomial. Loesener (in Engler 
Bot. Jahrb. 28, 2 (1900) 154-155) considered Cassine 
Peragua L. of 1771 as a nomen nudum. Fernald and 
Schubert (in Rhodora 50 (1948) 169) hold it to be a nomen 
amhiguum and a nomen confusum and suggest that it be 
permanently rejected. Photographs of the two specimens 
indicate that neither is referable to Ilex vomitoria; both 
are species of Viburnum (Fernald and Schubert loc. cit. ). 
Therefore, whether Cassine Peragua L. of 1771 be re- 
jected or not, there is no need of considering further the 
name in any discussion of the synonymy of lea vomi- 
toria. 'Trelease’s combination, I/evw Peragua is untenable 
since it is based on a homonym. 
Cassine Paragua Miller (Gard. Dict. [ed. 8] (1768) Cas- 
sine No. 2), on the contrary, is very definitely referable to 
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