carabayensis was rediscovered. About a half day north- 
east of Sandia the present trail into the eastern forested 
country (called montana in Peru) forks into three trails, 
one of which continues down the valley of the Sandia 
River into the old San Juan del Oro area, another cuts 
off over aridge to the east to enter the T'ambopata Val- 
ley, and the third runs northwesterly over a very steep 
ridge into the Valle Grande section of the Huari-Huari 
Valley via the small Cachi-Cachi placer mine. The last- 
named trail passes in its preliminary ascent over a very 
steep ridge known as Ramospata which is covered with 
thickets and small trees characteristic of the Andean 
tree-line or ceja de la montana, In this thicket commu- 
nity C. carabayensis, locally called echenique, is common 
and is particularly abundant between the tambos (trail 
shelters) known as Ichubamba and Ramospata. 
Specimens of this cinchona are shrubs or occasionally 
small trees seldom attaining a height of over three 
meters. In its general habit the species resembles C. 
Josephiana Weddell (also called echenique) which is 
found at lower elevations on the same slopes of the San- 
dia Valley. From glabrous C. Josephiana, C. carabayen- 
sis may be separated easily by the presence of tomentum 
which covers all young growth, twigs, inflorescence 
branches, lower surfaces of the leaves, ete. From my 
field notes is appended here a general, if still inadequate, 
description of this tree transcribed in the field from tresh 
specimens in the hand :—‘‘leaves averaging 15 cm. long 
by 5.5 em. broad, similar in shape to those of C. Calisaya 
Weddell but dull in aspect rather than lustrous and 
smooth; petioles similar to those of calisaya; basal por- 
tion of the midrib with a suggestion of red on the upper 
surface; venation more complex than that of calisaya; 
young leaves with scattered pubescence on upper sur- 
faces, all leaves with tomentum beneath, the same type 
[ 141 ] 
