astringency or bitterness in these quids. This is a very 
common form of pan, chewed in southern India by non- 
habituals, who eat it only for its taste and smell. These 
are all commercial forms, but most families prepare their 
own nut mixture and buy fresh leaves almost every day. 
The home-made pan in southern India is something one 
must taste to know what pan is really like. 
4. Scented nuts. For this purpose only cured nuts are 
used. Half nuts are scented with amber, camphor, resins 
and other ground spices. These scented half nuts are each 
packed in paper, like lemon drops or peppermints, to 
keep the freshness of the nut. The half nuts are some- 
times broken into two or three pieces and scented with a 
ground mixture, as before, of amber, camphor, resins 
and other spices, and to this, shelled melon seeds are 
sometimes added. 
b. Habitual chewing 
In this form of chewing, indulged in for its own effect 
or for the narcotic effect of the tobacco, mostly the lower 
grades of nuts and leaves are used. In the majority of 
cases, it is the poorer classes of people who have this habit. 
For use with tobacco, the cured nut mixture, the southern 
Indian beeda, and scented nuts are not utilized, not only 
for economic reasons, but because they do not produce 
any narcotic effects. The northern Indian beeda and raw 
nuts and also their masala, however, are very well suited 
for this kind of habitual chewing and for the use with to- 
bacco. Ripe seeds and coarse leaves are better adapted, 
since fibrous leaves and ripe seeds give a coarse base and 
the bulk required to keep the tobacco in the mouth. 
It is exactly the antithesis of the non-habitual chewing 
where tender leaves and cured nuts are required, so that 
they may be dissolved, so to say, in the mouth during 
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