ploy two seeds: in some villages one, in others the other, 
and in some both. There is no question which seed was 
the ololiuqui of the Aztecs. It is a climbing morning- 
glory known to science as Rivea corymbosa (.) Hallier 
filius.* The seeds are brown and almost round. The 
second plant was identified at the National Herbarium 
in Washington as Ipomoea violacea L..,¢ also a climbing 
morning-glory but easily distinguished in the field from 
Rivea corymbosa. The seeds are long, black, and angu- 
lar, and so far as we now know, they are used only in 
some parts of the Zapotec country. Both are called in 
Zapotec badoh, but the black seeds are badoh negro, black 
badoh, to distinguish them from the true ololiuqui seeds. ° 
* The best summary of the ololiuqui literature and problem is Rich- 
ard Evans Schultes’ A Contribution to Our Knowledge of Rivea corym- 
bosa, the Narcotic Ololiuqui of the Aztecs, Botanical Museum, Harvard 
University, 1941. Also see Humphrey Osmond’s Ololiuqui: The An- 
cient Aztec Narcotic, Journal of Mental Science, July 1955, 101 (424): 
526-537. Dr. Osmond reports on the effects of the seeds on himself. 
{Ipomoea violacea Linnaeus Pl. Sp. (1953) 161. 
Convolvulus indicus Miller Gard. Dict. (1768) No. 5. 
Ipomoea tricolor Cavanilles Icon. Pl. Rar. 3 (1794) 5. 
Convolvulus violaceus Sprengel Syst. 1 (1825) 399. 
Convolvulus venustus Sprengel Syst. 1 (1825) 399. 
Ipomoea rubrocoerulea Hooker Bot. Mag. (1834) t. 3297. 
Pharbitis violacea (L.) Bojer Hort. Maurit. (1837) 227. 
Tereietra violacea (L.) Rafinesque Fl. Tellur. 4 (1889) 124. 
Ipomoea Hookeri G. Don Gen. Syst. 4 (1838) 274. 
Pharbitis rubrocoeruleus (Hook.) Planchon FI. des Serres 9 (1854) 
281. 
Convolvulus rubrocoeruleus (Hook.) D. Dietrich Syn. Pl. 1 (1839) 
670. 
Ipomoea puncticulata Bentham Bot. Voy. Sulph. (1945) 136. 
° Credit for the discovery of the ceremonial use of Jpomoea violacea 
seeds goes to Thomas MacDougall and Francisco Ortega (‘Chico’), 
famous Zapotec guide and itinerant trader. They have not yet de- 
limited the area of diffusion, but they have found badoh negro seeds in 
use in the following Zapotec towns and villages in the uplands of 
southern Oaxaca: San Bartolo Yautepec, San Carlos Yautepec and 
Santa Catarina Quieri, all in the district of Yautepec; Santa Cruz 
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