HEATING AND LIGHTING UTENSILS IN NATIONAL MUSEUM 57 



of the group of Malays inhabiting Simalur Island, East Indies. 

 This crude affair consists of an oblong wooden reservoir attached 

 by mortising to a hook branch. Excluding the idea of independent 

 invention is probably an infiltration from India following the spoon- 

 shape lamp of the West rather than the saucer-shape lamp of the 

 East. (PI. 54, fig. 6, Cat. No. 237351, Sigoeli, Simalur, Island; 

 Dr. W. L. Abbott; 19 inches (48 cm.) long.) For comparison with 

 the Indian multiple lamps the Jewish hanuka is interesting. The 

 Imnuka is an oriental lamp transported to every clime at the behest 

 of religion. It consists of a row of eight small spoon-shape lamps 

 placed at the base of an ornamental panel like a sconce, reflecting 

 the style of art of the period and country in which it was produced. 

 The hanuka may be hung up or set on a surface. The lamps usually 

 have placed under them a drip catcher. Two specimens from the 

 collection illustrate the form of the hanuka. Plate 53, Figure 4, is 

 from Morocco and is unusual in being in triptych form, the two side 

 wings hinged and closed in at the sides of the lamp row. A larger 

 lamp is set in the upper middle of the frame. The specimen is of 

 cast brass and a good example of modern Moorish art. The other 

 specimen (pi. 53, fig. 5) is an old Italian hanuka of brass, the back 

 two columns with arch and dating in the seventeenth century. 

 (Morocco; Talcott Williams; 8 inches (20.5 cm.) wide, 9.5 inches 

 (24 cm.) high; Cat. No. 168312, Florence, Italy; S. B. Dean; 8.3 

 inches (21 cm.) wide.) Another old Italian multiple lamp, not 

 ceremonial so far as known, is Figure 10, Plate 63. The back is a 

 floriated shield having a row of three spoon-shape lamps at the base 

 and one near the top. (Cat. No. 153903, Italy; G. Brown Goode; 

 5.9 inches (15 cm.) wide, 5.9 inches (15 cm.) high.) On Plate 53 

 are shown several examples of the lamps under consideration. Fig- 

 ure 6 is a crude pottery lamp used on the frontier in Virginia many 

 years ago and of English ancestry. (Cat. No. 130498, Morgantown, 

 W. Va. ; Walter Hough; 5.2 inches (13 cm.) diameter, 5.2 inches 

 (13 cm.) high.) Figures 8 and 9 are Javanese brass lamps, one 

 detached and the other mounted on a column and base with feet, a 

 drip catcher placed on the colunm below the lamp. (Cat. Nos. 

 811385, 311386, Java; Victor J. Evans; 4.2 inches (10.5 cm.) diam- 

 eter, 5.5 inches (14 cm.) long.) Figure 7 is a small Algerian pot- 

 tery lamp which shows the Mohammedan style of reservoir open at 

 the top for filling. (Cat. No. 157435, Algiers; Edward Lovett; 

 5.2 inches (13 cm.) high.) Examples of what must have been re- 

 garded as improvements on the simple lamp shown on Plate 45 

 consist of bringing the wicks up at more points around the reser- 

 voir. Figures 1 and 3 show the parts of a three-wick lamp of brass, 

 the drip catcher having a bowed support with ornamented head. 

 On the support is hung the reservoir. (Cat. No. 169100, Flemish; 



