88 BULLETIN 141^ UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



pines has the rim formed into three projecting spurs on which the 

 pot is rested. It has a perforated grate. (PL 74(?, fig. 1; Cat. No. 

 216704, Philippine Commission; 8.8 inches (22 cm.) diameter, 8.a 

 inches (21 cm.) high.) A pottery stove from Sao Christoval, Portu- 

 gal, made by Amaro Domincos Grillo, was exhibited at the Philadel- 

 phia Centennial Exposition in 1876. It is of hard, dark gray sonorous 

 ware, and shows the appreciation of form which the Portuguese pot- 

 ters have transmitted from classical times. This stove has grate 

 bars formed in the clay. (PI. 78a, fig. 4 ; Cat. No. 325602 ; 10.6 inches 

 (27 cm.) high, with cooking pot 16.2 inches (41 cm.) high.) A 

 pottery stove from Santa Lucia, West Indies, shows the highest 

 advance in this material. The fire box has a flat, incurved rim with 

 three bosses on the inner edge. The grate bars are cut in the bottom 

 of the fire box. The hearth is scalloped and the door arched. Above 

 the arch two small holes are punched into the fire box, suggesting 

 over-fire ventilation. Two finger cups on the sides are for lifting. 

 (PI. 78^., fig. 2; Cat. No. 325603, Jamaica Exposition, 1891; 9.5 inches 

 (24 cm.) diameter, 5.9 inches (15 cm.) high.) 



The iron stove used in Tetunan, Morocco, consists of a drum sepa- 

 rated in two compartments for the fire box and air chamber by a grate. 

 It has three spear-shape pot rests, a hinged door, three supporting 

 legs, and two ringed handles. A hole into the fire box is seen in the 

 cut. (PI. 78a, fig. 2; Dr. Talcott Williams: 7.9 inches diameter, 

 10.6 inches high (20 cm., 27 cm.).) A taller stove of excellent iron 

 and brass work comes from the same locality. The construction is 

 like that of the specimen described. The pot rests are hinged. There 

 are ornamentally pierced openings above the fire. (PL 78a fig. 1; 

 Pr. Talcott Williams.) 



A stove model collected by the writer in Jalapa, Mexico, seems to 

 be a survival of the temescal or vapor bath form. It has a round and 

 a square hole in the top. In general the rectangular stoves such as 

 were built up of brick of earth in the house, indicating the fixed 

 range in contrast with the fire pot, are the models from which our 

 ranges originated. (PL 77, fig. 1; Cat. No. 204663.) The Tibetan 

 fixed stove is sadiron shape, built of mud, has two openings in the 

 top, one a fire box and the other for the pot. At the lower edge, 

 below the pot hole, is an opening forming an ash channel and a flue 

 to the fire box. The fuel is argols, dung of ruminant animals, as the 

 yak. (PL 75&, fig. 2; Cat. No. 325604; after W. W. Rockhill.) See 

 also Plate 97, Figure 6, for model restoration. 



A stove secured from the Philippines shows an elaboration of the 

 cooking over an open-air fire. It exhibits clay bosses for three pot 

 rests mounted in an elaborately worked bench of bamboo. (PL 7Gb, 

 fig. 1; Cat. No. near 216695; Philippine Commission; 24.6 inches 

 long, 14.2 inches wide, 11.8 inches high (64 cm., 36 cm., 30 cm.).) 



