2^6 NAVESTOCK IN OLDEN DAYS ; 



third on the 42nd Sunday after the same festival. The proportions 

 are thus assigned in or about the year iioo. Nastoca Edwini 

 firmas for one week and one and a half days, and Nastoca Aldwini 

 for two weeks and two days. Each of such three firmas consisted 

 of sixteen quarters of wheat, sixteen of oats, and three of barley, 

 together with a fixed sum of money. 



Possibly Edwin and Aldwin were the two first joint Firmarii of 

 S. Paul's, and succeeded to the joint manors of Howard and Ulsi ; 

 at any rate, they seem to be the same persons as the Edwin and 

 Ulfiijii, whose lands were seized by Ralph de Marci. They also, in 

 all probability, represent the Edwin and Aldwin, of S. Paul's Domes- 

 day, both of whom, strange to say, are there spoken of as bishops. 

 Thus in 1222 Jordanus Blundus held one messuage sometime be- 

 longing to Aldwin, the bishop, at the rent of one plough share and 

 paid for the land of Edwin, the bishop, havedsot, but there was no 

 messuage there. Now it so happens that amongst the list of Orna- 

 ments in our Church taken in 1251, two old rochets are enumerated. 

 Could these be the identical garments of Edwin and Aldwin as 

 Bishops ? '" 



The next two joint Firmarii whom we meet with were Theodoric 

 and Robert de Turri with whom the Dean and Chapter concluded a 

 lease in 1152, whereby they were to hold the Manor as long as they 

 should live and serve them well. There is nothing, as Archdeacon 

 Hale remarks, to show that these were Canons, but during the 

 thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the Residentiary Canons or 

 Stagiarii were, without exception, the Firmarii of the Manors of 

 S. Paul. Upon the death or removal of one of their body each of 

 them, according to seniority, either chose or declined the lease, and 

 again the ofiiice of Firmarius was a source of wealth, and was thus 

 limited to those who were Canons. 



Concerning Robert de Turri, I have no further information at 

 hand beyond the coupling of his name with that of Theodoric ; but 

 as regards the latter we have gained some few scraps of further infor- 

 mation. He had three sons, Walter who, in 1222, held half a hide 

 of land for 5s., and was required to mow and to come to the precaria, 

 and to plough in winter and at Quadragesima if he had yoked 

 animals. He was one of the eight tenants who were required to 

 pay Wardpenny. 



19 Tlit^ appearance of Rochets among a list of Ornaments by no means implies the presence of 

 a Bishop. 



